Quarterly
Annual
| Unit: USD | 2025-09-30 | 2025-06-30 | 2025-03-31 | 2024-12-31 | 2024-09-30 | 2024-06-30 | 2024-03-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2023-09-30 | 2023-06-30 | 2023-03-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2022-09-30 | 2022-06-30 | 2022-03-31 | 2021-12-31 | 2021-09-30 | 2021-06-30 | 2021-03-31 | 2020-12-31 | 2020-09-30 | 2020-06-30 | 2020-03-31 | 2019-12-31 | 2019-09-30 | 2019-06-30 | 2019-03-31 | 2018-12-31 | 2018-09-30 | 2018-06-30 | 2018-03-31 | 2017-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
net income | -43,804,000 | -45,268,000 | -36,997,000 | -36,653,041 | -29,791,789 | -23,721,820 | -21,612,455 | -18,848,472 | -18,404,540 | -14,587,687 | -11,938,417 | -11,581,346 | -10,893,721 | -9,960,526 | -7,934,447 | -6,753,500 | -6,027,246 | -14,032,852 | -2,791,668 | -2,550,893 | -2,474,298 | -2,201,989 | -2,246,995 | -1,809,025 | -1,984,253 | -1,720,178 | -1,845,908 | -1,825,301 | -1,871,107 | -1,816,460 | -1,967,947 | -1,724,188 |
adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
depreciation | 41,000 | 40,000 | 37,000 | 35,254 | 34,021 | 31,115 | 29,557 | 27,948 | 33,555 | 37,331 | 43,938 | 48,937 | 53,545 | 52,447 | 55,989 | 63,029 | 63,609 | 78,375 | 98,222 | 97,890 | 96,567 | 96,342 | 94,792 | 93,307 | 86,351 | 83,170 | 76,168 | 70,523 | 62,810 | 49,966 | 39,738 | 28,541 |
stock-based compensation | 6,779,000 | 2,704,000 | 2,444,000 | 2,315,282 | 1,931,201 | 1,410,512 | 1,331,346 | 1,242,532 | 1,108,638 | 1,276,982 | 1,273,282 | 1,139,421 | 1,223,054 | 1,519,459 | 756,271 | 920,604 | 699,916 | 540,317 | 449,098 | 427,090 | 448,947 | 423,193 | 464,649 | 360,855 | 303,243 | 192,246 | 184,645 | 255,576 | 300,276 | 276,285 | 336,479 | 313,289 |
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount | 778,000 | 537,000 | 551,000 | 550,097 | 478,253 | 236,993 | 65,309 | 63,813 | 61,721 | 59,214 | 57,004 | 111,573 | 104,645 | 84,527 | 95,012 | 94,460 | 91,790 | |||||||||||||||
payment-in-kind interest | 272,000 | 252,000 | 249,000 | 253,124 | 252,488 | 459,072 | 105,766 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash operating lease expense | -3,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
change in accrued interest income | -1,180,000 | 1,286,000 | -946,000 | 1,262,841 | -473,584 | -484,991 | -153,845 | -554,126 | -480,519 | 1,738,999 | -1,697,811 | 7,963 | ||||||||||||||||||||
changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
other current assets | -5,449,000 | -2,815,000 | -2,436,000 | -964,992 | 269,431 | 1,202,693 | 268,849 | -2,372,286 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
accounts payable | -55,000 | 1,227,000 | 613,000 | 221,989 | 2,911,087 | 944,824 | 237,992 | -601,309 | 2,610,832 | 429,636 | -8,545 | -476,096 | 848,031 | 192,054 | 513,091 | -247,449 | 1,115,363 | 364,094 | 73,924 | 117,628 | -5,632 | 33,172 | -92,197 | -57,360 | 58,222 | 31,446 | 13,309 | 33,993 | -21,165 | -45,527 | 58,131 | 38,285 |
accrued expenses | -2,195,000 | 5,826,000 | 633,000 | 5,210,223 | 3,827,956 | 1,921,296 | 2,298,379 | 2,039,958 | 3,016,001 | 830,957 | -1,020,102 | 986,965 | 1,395,010 | 461,913 | 413,499 | -76,959 | 230,179 | -11,177 | -113,763 | 17,739 | 146,365 | -3,954 | 30,143 | 40,832 | -13,707 | 72,000 | 12,278 | -240,408 | -30,584 | 79,793 | 146,850 | 221,487 |
net cash from operating activities | -44,816,000 | -36,212,000 | -35,853,000 | -27,769,983 | -20,561,698 | -18,066,901 | -17,068,161 | -18,535,921 | -12,746,442 | -9,662,052 | -12,867,838 | -9,479,260 | -9,306,779 | -11,289,100 | -5,933,032 | -6,124,002 | -4,048,685 | -7,617,748 | -2,521,505 | -2,107,251 | -1,648,792 | -1,556,045 | -1,833,601 | -1,703,758 | -1,478,000 | -1,226,922 | -1,590,031 | -1,519,218 | -1,772,770 | -1,336,651 | -1,447,630 | |
capex | -97,000 | -39,000 | -60,000 | -45,149 | -50,780 | -64,273 | -89,676 | -32,699 | -53,104 | -4,854 | -6,987 | -112,044 | -12,103 | -22,986 | -11,635 | -9,939 | -14,062 | -26,972 | -30,925 | -13,877 | -8,905 | -20,985 | -45,604 | -27,711 | -168,662 | -136,187 | -47,641 | -147,182 | -110,144 | -168,022 | -204,260 | |
free cash flows | -44,913,000 | -36,251,000 | -35,913,000 | -27,815,132 | -20,612,478 | -18,131,174 | -17,157,837 | -18,568,620 | -12,799,546 | -9,666,906 | -12,874,825 | -9,591,304 | -9,318,882 | -11,312,086 | -5,944,667 | -6,133,941 | -4,062,747 | -7,644,720 | -2,552,430 | -2,121,128 | -1,657,697 | -1,577,030 | -1,879,205 | -1,731,469 | -1,646,662 | -1,363,109 | -1,637,672 | -1,666,400 | -1,882,914 | -1,504,673 | -1,651,890 | |
cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from maturities of investments | 32,307,000 | 129,930,000 | 66,808,000 | 227,210,816 | 154,745,140 | 135,328,269 | 125,061,320 | 88,560,119 | 77,181,375 | 118,873,027 | 25,000,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
purchases of investments | -289,821,000 | -64,035,000 | -42,486,000 | -189,607,150 | -152,790,769 | -241,331,688 | -121,435,343 | -129,745,550 | -70,875,888 | -110,778,184 | -3,125,462 | 0 | 0 | -2,500,000 | -735,000 | -28,492,135 | ||||||||||||||||
purchases of property and equipment | -97,000 | -39,000 | -60,000 | -45,149 | -50,780 | -64,273 | -89,676 | -32,699 | -53,104 | -4,854 | -6,987 | -112,044 | -12,103 | -22,986 | -11,635 | -9,939 | -14,062 | -26,972 | -30,925 | -13,877 | -8,905 | -20,985 | -45,604 | -27,711 | -168,662 | -136,187 | -47,641 | -147,182 | -110,144 | -168,022 | -204,260 | -36,352 |
net cash from investing activities | -257,611,000 | 65,856,000 | 24,262,000 | 37,558,517 | 1,903,591 | -106,067,692 | 3,536,301 | -41,218,130 | 6,252,383 | 8,089,989 | 21,867,551 | -143,985,070 | -12,103 | -22,986 | -11,635 | -9,939 | -14,062 | -26,972 | -30,425 | -13,877 | -8,905 | -20,985 | -45,604 | 4,137,289 | 2,831,338 | 1,363,813 | 197,359 | 13,665,818 | 2,374,856 | 1,856,978 | 1,196,740 | |
cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants | 12,870,000 | 0 | 5,600,000 | 1 | 553,679 | 172,986 | 14,009,151 | 7,505 | 0 | 0 | 11,257 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183,759 | |||||||||||||||||
proceeds from exercise of employee stock options | 2,364,000 | 103,813 | 330,745 | 203,923 | 131,090 | 102,958 | 44,002 | 113,640 | 127,922 | 128,179 | 7,277 | 9,542 | 7,414 | 21,461 | 5,100 | 174,957 | ||||||||||||||||
proceeds from employee stock purchases | 0 | 144,355 | 0 | 100,207 | 0 | 91,169 | 0 | 40,022 | 0 | 36,406 | 0 | 29,560 | 0 | 61,935 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
proceeds from equity offering, net of underwriting discounts and offering costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from convertible note payable, net of debt issuance cost and discount of 5,774 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance costs and discount of 2,248 and 2,438 in 2025 and 2024, respectively | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from an atm offering, net of issuance costs | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for secondary registration statement costs | 0 | -1,000 | -46,000 | -125,168 | -68,183 | 22,360 | -56,414 | 82,493 | -28,758 | -43,751 | -55,789 | -105,516 | -161,137 | -52,244 | -14,021 | 25,197 | -17,049 | -12,016 | -860 | -75,032 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
net cash from financing activities | 330,325,000 | 232,000 | 5,554,000 | 123,000 | 802,596 | 123,378,652 | 14,083,827 | 64,656,938 | 15,244 | 171,547 | 67,948 | 120,552,111 | -108,166 | -72,516 | -46,288 | 53,510 | 52,790,936 | 14,346,441 | 25,850,921 | 62,652 | -76,475 | 153,230 | -1,438 | 31,876 | -1,433 | 56,633 | 172,229 | -10,765 | -16,094 | 79,797 | 183,759 | -25,907 |
net change in cash and cash equivalents | 27,898,000 | 29,876,000 | -6,037,000 | 9,911,534 | -17,855,511 | -755,941 | 551,967 | 4,902,887 | -6,478,815 | -1,400,516 | 9,067,661 | -32,912,219 | -9,427,048 | -11,384,602 | -5,990,955 | -6,080,431 | 48,728,189 | 6,701,721 | 23,298,991 | -2,058,476 | -1,734,172 | -29,664,356 | ||||||||||
cash and cash equivalents: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
beginning of period | 0 | 0 | 22,515,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30,662,774 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24,571,557 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84,286,381 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11,637,911 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18,735,002 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15,944,609 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,689,789 | 0 |
end of period | 27,898,000 | 29,876,000 | 16,478,000 | 9,911,534 | -17,855,511 | -755,941 | 31,214,741 | 4,902,887 | -6,478,815 | -1,400,516 | 33,639,218 | -32,912,219 | -9,427,048 | -11,384,602 | 78,295,426 | -6,080,431 | 48,728,189 | 6,701,721 | 34,936,902 | -2,058,476 | -1,734,172 | -1,423,800 | 16,854,359 | 2,465,407 | 1,351,905 | 193,524 | 14,724,166 | 12,135,835 | 585,992 | 600,124 | 2,622,658 | -29,664,356 |
supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
interest paid | 2,622,000 | 2,416,000 | 2,383,000 | 2,471,939 | 2,613,248 | 1,631,004 | 869,893 | 868,610 | 851,338 | 807,279 | 746,824 | 423,119 | 327,252 | 267,006 | 237,903 | |||||||||||||||||
supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
change in accounts payable attributed to offering and registration statement costs | -13,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
change in accounts payable attributed to property and equipment | 2,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
common stock warrants issued with note payable transaction | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
offering costs accrued but unpaid at the end of the period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from follow-on offering, net of underwriting discounts and offering costs | -1 | -5,918 | 0 | 52,762,092 | -45,674 | 25,814,167 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance costs and discount of 2,430 in 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for debt issuance costs | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2,716 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash interest receivable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash operating lease | -1,000 | -760 | 1,197 | 1,197 | 1,196 | 1,537 | 438 | -452 | -1,105 | -1,628 | -58 | -59 | -1,131 | -3,274 | -3,276 | -3,275 | 10,221 | -7,412 | -21,342 | 8,694 | -6,272 | 9,123 | -20,661 | |||||||||
deferred financing costs and offering and registration statement costs included in accounts payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
property and equipment included in accounts payable | -12,167 | 18,702 | 654 | -7,032 | 22,987 | 16,619 | 14,101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
property and equipment included in accrued expenses | 12,036 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
exercise of stock options pending receipt of cash proceeds | 2,000 | 108,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance costs and discount of 2,437,644 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from pre-funded warrants, net of offering costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for finance leases | 0 | 0 | -980 | -1,469 | -1,466 | -1,464 | -1,462 | -1,458 | -1,457 | -1,453 | -1,451 | -1,449 | -1,446 | -1,443 | -1,442 | -1,438 | -1,437 | |||||||||||||||
common stock warrants issued with the note payable transaction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
offering and registration statement costs included in accounts payable | 30,976 | 320 | 13,325 | 11,722 | -259 | 2,402 | -89,192 | -3,815 | 104,237 | 51,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance costs and discount of 2,429,917 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pik interest | 465,510 | 438,184 | 102,086 | 103,653 | 102,951 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from a private placement offering, net of discounts and offering costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance and discount costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from an atm offering, net of commission fees and offering costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
deferred financing costs and offering and registration statement costs included in accrued expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payroll tax receivable | 38,263 | 165,402 | 57,261 | -165,626 | 97,734 | 105,730 | 57,545 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
prepaid assets and deposits | 64,212 | -181,211 | 234,095 | -1,976,378 | -3,838,992 | -40,205 | -285,326 | -157,807 | 271,801 | -234,305 | -213,430 | 129,038 | 104,603 | -62,651 | -164,886 | 60,335 | 102,233 | -17,825 | 82,382 | -192,602 | 92,675 | -36,969 | 37,721 | |||||||||
offering and registration statement costs included in accrued expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
issuance of common stock, licensing agreement | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
loss on sale of fixed assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from sale of property and equipment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 500 | 3,000 | 0 | 0 | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
issuance of common stock warrants and final fee recognized as discount to note payable | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from note payable, net of debt issuance costs and discount of 652,061 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
gross proceeds from an atm offering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38,962 | 28,552 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
registration statement costs included in accounts payable | 6,127 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
offering and registration statement costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
see accompanying notes to the financial statements | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash interest income, net of cash received | 13,825 | 18,081 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from sale of investments | 4,165,000 | 3,000,000 | 1,500,000 | 245,000 | 13,810,000 | 2,485,000 | 4,525,000 | 2,135,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | -1,880,643 | 1,351,905 | 193,524 | -1,220,443 | 12,135,835 | 585,992 | 600,124 | -67,131 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
gain on sale of fixed assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for taxes related to net share settlement of stock options exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for ipo costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
property and equipment funded by finance lease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
leasehold improvements funded by landlord and related deferred rent included in accrued expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from employee stock options exercised | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for capital leases | -1,432 | -1,428 | -1,427 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for shelf registration statement costs | -1,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash interest expense | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from sale of convertible promissory notes | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from initial public offering of common stock | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for initial public offering costs | -27,959 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash interest income adjustment | -20,398 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
payments for registration statement costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
deferred transaction costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash interest income | -23,912 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by operations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
net cash used by operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
net cash used by investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from sale of member shares, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
non-cash financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
debt issuance costs netted against proceeds from sale of convertible promissory notes | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
debt discount related to investor and agent warrants | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
initial public offering costs included in accounts payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
underwriter’s reimbursable offering costs netted against initial public offering proceeds | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
proceeds from sale of member units, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
initial public offering costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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