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Plug Power Inc
(NASDAQ:PLUG) 

PLUG stock logo

Plug Power Inc. provides hydrogen fuel cell turnkey solutions for the electric mobility and stationary power markets in North America and Europe. It focuses on proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell and fuel processing technologies, fuel cell/battery hybrid technologies, and related hydrogen stora...

Founded: 1997
Full Time Employees: 629
CEO: Andrew J. Marsh  
Sector: Industrials
Industry: Electrical Equipment & Parts

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At a glance:
  • Liquidity and Going-Concern Risk Remain Key Focus: Plug Power has faced recurring operating losses and cash burn, making access to capital, refinancing options, and balance-sheet flexibility central to the near-term outlook.
  • Path to Gross Margin Improvement Is Critical: Investor attention remains on whether cost reductions, pricing discipline, and improved plant utilization can drive gross margins toward sustained profitability.
  • Execution on Hydrogen Production and Network Build-Out: Progress ramping hydrogen plants and securing reliable, lower-cost supply is a core driver for margin recovery and for meeting customer demand across mobility and industrial use cases.
  • Demand Concentration and Customer/Partner Dynamics: Results can be sensitive to order timing and the pace of deployments among large customers and strategic partners, creating potential quarterly volatility.
  • Policy, Incentives, and Interest-Rate Environment Matter: Hydrogen economics and project financing depend heavily on incentives, tax credits, and borrowing costs; changes in policy interpretation or capital-market conditions can materially affect project returns and timelines.
Bull Thesis:
  • Leadership in the Growing Green Hydrogen Economy: Plug Power is a pioneer and leader in the nascent but rapidly expanding green hydrogen economy. With increasing global focus on decarbonization and government incentives (like the IRA in the US), the demand for green hydrogen solutions across various sectors (material handling, transportation, stationary power) is projected to grow significantly, positioning PLUG to capture a substantial market share.
  • Expanding Ecosystem and Strategic Partnerships: Beyond its foundational material handling business, Plug Power is strategically diversifying its offerings into electrolyzers, liquefaction, stationary power, and on-road vehicles. The company has secured key partnerships with major corporations (e.g., Walmart, Amazon, Olin) and is building out a comprehensive hydrogen ecosystem, which could drive long-term revenue growth and market penetration.
  • Scaling Manufacturing and Infrastructure: Plug Power is investing heavily in scaling its manufacturing capabilities, including gigafactories for electrolyzers and fuel cells, and building out a network of green hydrogen production plants. As these facilities come online and reach full capacity, they are expected to drive down production costs, improve supply chain efficiency, and enable the company to meet growing demand at scale.
Bear Thesis:
  • Persistent Negative Free Cash Flow and Profitability Concerns: Despite significant revenue growth, Plug Power continues to report substantial negative free cash flow and has yet to achieve consistent profitability. The capital-intensive nature of building out hydrogen infrastructure and manufacturing facilities leads to high operating expenses and cash burn, raising concerns about long-term financial sustainability without further equity dilution or debt.
  • High Execution Risk and Project Delays: Ramping up complex green hydrogen production facilities, gigafactories, and new product lines involves significant execution risk. Delays in project completion, cost overruns, or challenges in achieving targeted production efficiencies could severely impact financial projections and investor confidence. The company has faced some delays in bringing its hydrogen plants online.
  • Intense Competition and Market Adoption Challenges: Plug Power operates in an increasingly competitive landscape, facing rivals from established industrial gas companies, other hydrogen technology developers, and alternative energy solutions (e.g., advanced batteries). The broader hydrogen economy also faces challenges related to infrastructure build-out, cost competitiveness against fossil fuels, and widespread market adoption, which could limit PLUG's growth trajectory.
  • Valuation and Dilution Risk: Plug Power's stock often trades at a high valuation relative to its current earnings and cash flow, reflecting significant future growth expectations. If the company fails to meet these aggressive growth targets or continues to require substantial capital injections, the stock could face downward pressure. Persistent cash burn may necessitate further equity raises, leading to dilution for existing shareholders.
Main Competitors:
  • Ballard Power Systems Inc. ($BLDP) (Fuel cell stacks and modules), Competes directly in the development and supply of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stacks and modules for various applications, including heavy-duty mobility (buses, trucks, trains, marine), which is a key growth area for Plug Power. While Plug often provides integrated systems and infrastructure, Ballard focuses on the core fuel cell technology, often partnering with OEMs that Plug might also target.
  • Nel ASA ($NLLSF) (Electrolyzers (alkaline and PEM)), A leading global manufacturer of electrolyzer technology (both alkaline and PEM) for green hydrogen production. Plug Power is heavily investing in building out its own green hydrogen generation network, making Nel a direct competitor in the supply of the core equipment needed for this expansion, as well as a potential partner or rival in large-scale hydrogen projects.
  • Bloom Energy Corporation ($BE) (Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems), Competes in the broader fuel cell market, specifically for stationary power generation applications. While Plug Power primarily uses PEM fuel cells and focuses on material handling and mobility, it also targets stationary power. Bloom Energy offers a different fuel cell technology (SOFC) for on-site, always-on power, microgrids, and hydrogen production, vying for similar customers seeking reliable, clean energy solutions.
  • Cummins Inc. ($CMI) (Hydrogen engines, fuel cell systems, electrolyzers), A diversified power solutions provider aggressively expanding into the hydrogen economy. Through its acquisition of Hydrogenics, Cummins directly competes with Plug Power in the development and supply of electrolyzers and fuel cell systems for various applications, including heavy-duty trucks and industrial uses. Cummins leverages its vast manufacturing capabilities and established OEM relationships to offer integrated hydrogen solutions.
  • Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. ($APD) (Industrial gases, hydrogen production, liquefaction, and distribution), A global leader in industrial gases, including hydrogen. Air Products has extensive infrastructure for hydrogen production (currently largely grey/blue), liquefaction, and distribution. Plug Power's strategy to build a vertically integrated green hydrogen ecosystem directly competes with Air Products' existing market dominance and its own initiatives to transition towards green hydrogen supply and infrastructure development.
Moat:
Plug Power's competitive landscape is dynamic and multi-faceted. Its moat is built on its early mover advantage and dominant market share in material handling fuel cells, its growing vertical integration strategy (from green hydrogen production to end-use applications), and its expanding network of hydrogen fueling stations. Competition stems from alternative energy technologies (e.g., battery electric vehicles), other fuel cell developers, established industrial gas giants, and OEMs developing in-house hydrogen solutions. To maintain its leadership, Plug Power must continue to innovate, scale its green hydrogen production, and expand into new markets while navigating intense technological and market competition.
Income Statements:
Quarterly
Annual
    Unit: USD2026-03-31 2025-12-31 2025-09-30 2025-06-30 2025-03-31 2024-12-31 2024-09-30 2024-06-30 2024-03-31 2023-12-31 2023-09-30 2023-06-30 2023-03-31 2022-12-31 2022-09-30 2022-06-30 2022-03-31 2021-12-31 2021-09-30 2021-06-30 2021-03-31 2020-12-31 2020-09-30 2020-06-30 2020-03-31 2019-12-31 2019-09-30 2019-06-30 2019-03-31 2018-12-31 2018-09-30 2018-06-30 2018-03-31 2017-12-31 2017-09-30 2017-06-30 2017-03-31 2016-12-31 2016-09-30 2016-06-30 2016-03-31 2015-09-30 2015-06-30 2015-03-31 2014-09-30 2014-03-31 2013-12-31 2013-09-30 2013-06-30 2013-03-31 2012-12-31 2012-06-30 2012-03-31 2011-12-31 2011-09-30 2011-06-30 2011-03-31 2010-12-31 2010-09-30 2010-06-30 2010-03-31 2009-12-31 2009-09-30 2009-06-30 2009-03-31 2008-12-31 2008-09-30 2008-06-30 2008-03-31 2007-12-31 2007-09-30 2007-06-30 2007-03-31 2006-12-31 2006-09-30 2006-06-30 2006-03-31 2005-12-31 2005-09-30 2005-06-30 2005-03-31 2004-12-31 2004-09-30 2004-06-30 2004-03-31 2003-12-31 2003-09-30 2003-06-30 2003-03-31 2002-12-31 2002-09-30 
                                                                                               
      net revenue:
                                                                                               
      sales of equipment, related infrastructure and other
    79,022,000 111,629,000 96,773,000 99,173,000 63,506,000 138,111,000 107,141,000 76,788,000 68,295,000 167,923,000 145,130,000 216,286,000 182,094,000                                                                               
      services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
    21,970,000 41,479,000 19,742,000 16,367,000 16,874,000 11,964,000 14,148,000 13,034,000 13,023,000 12,005,000 9,290,000 8,701,000 9,097,000 9,812,000 8,406,000 8,822,000 8,240,000 8,309,000 6,677,000 5,675,000 6,045,000 5,631,000 6,829,000 6,236,000 6,521,000 7,802,000 5,920,000 5,282,000 6,213,000 5,672,000 5,156,000 7,188,000 6,598,000 6,734,000 5,842,000 5,049,000 5,149,000 5,060,000 4,763,000 5,360,000 5,273,000                                                   
      power purchase agreements
    26,290,000 36,125,000 24,604,000 23,633,000 23,210,000 19,405,000 20,459,000 19,674,000 18,304,000 19,596,000 20,068,000 16,130,000 7,937,000 16,453,000 9,524,000 11,169,000 10,037,000 9,645,000 9,321,000 8,361,000 7,826,000 5,699,000 6,704,000 6,654,000 6,496,000 9,240,000 5,599,000 6,307,000 4,707,000 6,504,000 5,555,000 5,629,000 5,489,000 5,597,000 5,428,000 4,945,000 4,311,000 4,061,000 3,858,000 3,062,000 2,706,000                                                   
      fuel delivered to customers and related equipment
    35,795,000 33,643,000 35,912,000 34,399,000 29,457,000 19,918,000 29,791,000 29,887,000 18,286,000 18,855,000 19,371,000 17,878,000 10,142,000 16,907,000 12,389,000 14,472,000 13,429,000                                                                           
      other
    436,000 2,344,000 24,000 398,000 627,000 2,072,000 2,191,000 3,967,000 2,356,000 3,782,000 4,852,000 1,187,000 1,016,000 1,703,000 324,000 571,000 251,000 110,000 369,000 122,000 188,000 -49,000 97,000 62,000 76,000 51,000 135,000       5,000 128,000 64,000 87,000 105,000 376,000 278,000 125,000                                                   
      net revenue
    163,513,000 225,220,000 177,055,000 173,970,000 133,674,000 191,470,000 173,730,000 143,350,000 120,264,000 222,161,000 198,711,000 260,182,000 210,286,000 220,742,000 188,628,000 151,267,000 140,804,000 161,905,000 143,922,000 124,557,000 71,958,000 14,103,000 106,989,000 68,070,000 40,813,000 98,202,000 56,376,000 57,068,000 18,593,000 59,820,000 53,165,000 36,006,000 27,195,000 31,873,000 35,370,000 20,784,000                                                        
      yoy
    22.32% 17.63% 1.91% 21.36% 11.15% -13.81% -12.57% -44.90% -42.81% 0.64% 5.35% 72.00% 49.35% 36.34% 31.06% 21.44% 95.68% 1048.02% 34.52% 82.98% 76.31% -85.64% 89.78% 19.28% 119.51% 64.16% 6.04% 58.50% -31.63% 87.68% 50.31% 73.24%                                                            
      qoq
    -27.40% 27.20% 1.77% 30.14% -30.19% 10.21% 21.19% 19.20% -45.87% 11.80% -23.63% 23.73% -4.74% 17.03% 24.70% 7.43% -13.03% 12.49% 15.55% 73.10% 410.23% -86.82% 57.17% 66.79% -58.44% 74.19% -1.21% 206.93% -68.92% 12.52% 47.66% 32.40% -14.68% -9.89% 70.18%                                                         
      cost of revenue:
                                                                                               
      provision for loss contracts related to service
    -7,814,000 -18,320,000 -4,343,000 -10,832,000 8,888,000 10,274,000 6,036,000 16,484,000 15,745,000 30,545,000 41,581,000 7,331,000 6,889,000 17,958,000 5,727,000 1,068,000 2,048,000 56,347,000 7,462,000 6,694,000 1,485,000 1,076,500 4,306,000                 -1,071,000                                                    
      total cost of revenue
    185,120,000 219,769,000 297,220,000 227,435,000 207,535,000 426,002,000 273,755,000 274,605,000 279,339,000 444,448,000 336,676,000 338,325,000 279,682,000 301,220,000 234,691,000 183,732,000 176,153,000 249,668,000 175,000,000 164,855,000 84,129,000 2,770,000 108,279,000 62,994,000 45,284,000 78,882,000 51,114,000 46,914,000 25,363,000 55,313,000 48,756,000 38,316,000 31,179,000 32,530,000 54,780,000 24,327,000 19,714,000 29,567,000 17,178,000 20,075,000 15,162,000                                                   
      gross loss
    -21,607,000 5,451,000 -120,165,000 -53,465,000 -73,861,000 -234,532,000 -100,025,000 -131,255,000 -159,075,000 -222,287,000 -137,965,000 -78,143,000 -69,396,000 -80,478,000 -46,063,000 -32,465,000 -35,349,000 -20,886,750 -31,078,000 -40,298,000 -12,171,000    -4,471,000    -6,770,000   -2,310,000 -3,984,000                                                           
      operating expenses:
                                                                                               
      research and development
    12,113,000 12,292,000 16,118,000 12,193,000 17,357,000 13,294,000 19,712,000 18,940,000 25,280,000 30,308,000 27,651,000 29,251,000 26,535,000 27,456,000 28,105,000 23,557,000 20,461,000 27,139,000 16,634,000 11,247,000 9,742,000 -17,074,000 11,964,000 9,757,000 10,412,000 9,341,000 8,028,000 8,933,000 7,373,000 8,430,000 8,402,000 8,427,000 8,648,000 8,634,000 7,436,000 6,625,000 5,998,000 6,145,000 5,001,000 5,201,000 4,830,000                                                   
      selling, general and administrative
    70,208,000 100,246,000 110,592,000 87,893,000 80,839,000 121,421,000 91,586,000 85,144,000 77,959,000 111,848,000 105,451,000 101,154,000 104,016,000 101,509,000 85,578,000 95,953,000 80,890,000 73,200,000 42,421,000 38,652,000 25,579,000 -3,746,000 14,277,000 21,658,000 11,013,000 10,982,000 10,400,000 13,627,000 9,324,000 8,996,000 8,652,000 12,241,000 8,309,000 8,426,000 9,535,000 17,904,000 9,145,000 8,803,000 8,636,000 8,559,000 8,290,000                                                   
      restructuring
    1,425,000 220,000 5,519,000 2,964,000 17,154,000 -1,000 514,000 1,629,000 6,011,000                                                                                   
      impairment
    3,856,000 666,257,000 97,524,000 20,599,000 1,064,000 940,909,000 4,185,000 3,937,000 284,000 8,280,000 665,000 9,986,000                                                                                
      change in fair value of contingent consideration
    280,000 -10,370,000 -1,129,000 -168,000 -11,819,000 -10,561,000 146,000 3,768,000 -9,200,000 3,708,000 2,239,000 15,308,000 8,769,000 19,073,000  -5,066,000 2,461,000 2,416,000 8,530,000 -560,000 790,000 -282,500 -1,130,000                                                                     
      total operating expenses
    87,882,000 768,645,000 228,624,000 123,481,000 104,595,000 1,065,062,000 116,143,000 113,418,000 100,334,000 403,624,000 136,006,000 155,699,000 140,403,000 153,256,000 113,683,000 114,444,000 103,812,000 112,979,000 67,585,000 49,339,000 36,111,000 -20,820,000 26,241,000 31,415,000 21,425,000 20,323,000 18,428,000 22,560,000 16,697,000 17,426,000 17,054,000 20,668,000 16,957,000 17,060,000 16,971,000 24,529,000 15,143,000 14,948,000 13,637,000 13,760,000 13,120,000                                                   
      operating income
    -109,489,000 -763,194,000 -348,789,000 -176,946,000 -178,456,000 -1,299,594,000 -216,168,000 -244,673,000 -259,409,000 -625,911,000 -273,971,000 -233,842,000 -209,799,000 -233,734,000 -159,746,000 -146,909,000 -139,161,000 -200,742,000 -98,663,000 -89,637,000 -48,282,000 32,153,000 -27,531,000 -26,339,000 -25,896,000 -1,003,000 -13,166,000 -12,406,000 -23,467,000 -12,919,000 -12,645,000 -22,978,000 -20,941,000 -17,717,000 -36,381,000 -28,072,000 -19,622,000 -11,937,000 -13,256,000 -13,376,000 -12,950,000               -8,635,635 -7,291,592 -8,816,368 -9,400,206 -18,607,467 -12,328,660 -12,275,030 -10,512,184 -10,192,210 -8,291,346 -70,287,153 -14,594,905 -21,604,697 -19,947,054 -20,219,273 -17,726,857 -19,325,848 -15,056,630 -16,256,560 -15,353,828 -13,969,001 -12,899,613 -12,919,050 -12,043,488 -10,690,747 -12,325,976 -11,724,757 -11,466,466 -11,298,481 -11,837,209 -13,863,170 -12,058,688 -12,521,708 -13,466,811 -12,378,595 -10,545,042 
      yoy
    -38.65% -41.27% 61.35% -27.68% -31.21% 107.63% -21.10% 4.63% 23.65% 167.79% 71.50% 59.17% 50.76% 16.44% 61.91% 63.89% 188.23% -724.33% 258.37% 240.32% 86.45% -3305.68% 109.11% 112.31% 10.35% -92.24% 4.12% -46.01% 12.06% -27.08% -65.24% -18.15% 6.72% 48.42% 174.45% 109.87% 51.52%                   -53.59% -40.86% -28.18% -10.58% 82.57% 48.69% -82.54% -27.97% -52.82% -58.43% 247.62% -17.67% 11.79% 32.48% 24.38% 15.46% 38.35% 16.72% 25.83% 27.49% 30.66% 4.65% 10.19% 5.03% -5.38% 4.13% -15.43% -4.91% -9.77% -12.10% 11.99% 14.35%     
      qoq
    -85.65% 118.81% 97.12% -0.85% -86.27% 501.20% -11.65% -5.68% -58.55% 128.46% 17.16% 11.46% -10.24% 46.32% 8.74% 5.57% -30.68% 103.46% 10.07% 85.65% -250.16% -216.79% 4.53% 1.71% 2481.85% -92.38% 6.13% -47.13% 81.65% 2.17% -44.97% 9.73% 18.20% -51.30% 29.60% 43.06% 64.38% -9.95% -0.90% 3.29%                18.43% -17.29% -6.21% -49.48% 50.93% 0.44% 16.77% 3.14% 22.93% -88.20% 381.59% -32.45% 8.31% -1.35% 14.06% -8.27% 28.35% -7.38% 5.88% 9.91% 8.29% -0.15% 7.27% 12.65% -13.27% 5.13% 2.25% 1.49% -4.55% -14.61% 14.96% -3.70% -7.02% 8.79% 17.39%  
      operating margin %
    -66.96% -338.87% -196.99% -101.71% -133.50% -678.75% -124.43% -170.68% -215.70% -281.74% -137.87% -89.88% -99.77% -105.89% -84.69% -97.12% -98.83% -123.99% -68.55% -71.96% -67.10% 227.99% -25.73% -38.69% -63.45% -1.02% -23.35% -21.74% -126.21% -21.60% -23.78% -63.82% -77.00% -55.59% -102.86% -135.07% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% 
      interest income
    3,845,000 4,115,000 4,316,000 5,845,000 5,153,000 6,222,000 7,423,000 7,795,000 9,277,000 11,437,000 10,369,000 16,391,000 17,632,000 17,938,000 13,429,000 3,838,000 2,054,000                                                         1,338,252.75 3,532,965 997,441 822,605 941,834 669,182 285,476 270,248 380,957 262,242 442,576 366,818 295,287 144,798 190,692 202,237 221,342 352,079 
      interest expense
    -17,351,000 -21,242,000 -16,461,000 -15,938,000 -11,486,000 -16,638,000 -9,148,000 -9,511,000 -11,325,000 -11,484,000 -11,802,000 -11,265,000 -10,650,000 -10,166,000 -9,020,000 -11,203,000 -8,648,000                                                     -55,147.75 -114,061 -106,530  -12,549 -55,932 -53,443 -48,911 -37,464 -45,257 -33,892 -28,970 -7,581 -27,953 -9,561 -15,879 -13,679 -14,781 -15,988 -17,120 -172,279 24,897 
      other income
    1,086,000 -1,000,000 3,502,000 3,817,000 1,290,000 -141,500 15,510,000   -1,216,500 4,987,000                                                           -8,355.75 -95,381 61,958                    
      gain on extinguishment of convertible debt instruments and finance obligations
    1,805,000                                                                                           
      change in fair value of convertible debt instruments
    -70,782,000                                                                                           
      change in fair value of warrant liabilities
    -54,640,000                                                                                           
      loss on equity method investments
    -470,000 -3,579,000 -3,262,000 -45,850,000 -2,370,000 -3,134,000 -8,690,000 -7,240,000 -13,113,000 -21,816,000 -7,030,000 -7,623,000 -5,317,000 -9,862,000 -4,280,000 -2,191,000 -3,833,000 -3,968,000 -1,736,000                                                                         
      income before income taxes
    -245,996,000 -904,325,000 -363,413,000 -228,715,000 -196,859,000 -1,338,196,000 -211,073,000 -262,709,000 -295,613,000 -642,843,000 -288,208,000 -237,315,000 -207,831,000 -224,156,000 -169,237,000 -172,873,000 -156,903,000 -209,111,000 -106,671,000 -99,634,000 -60,746,000 25,953,000 -45,902,000 -26,315,000 -37,479,000 -11,737,000 -21,229,000 -18,561,000 -33,938,000 -18,483,000 -17,281,000 -28,780,000 -22,788,000 -19,439,000 -40,983,000 -42,619,000 -24,039,000 -19,211,000 -13,394,000 -13,128,000 -12,146,000                                                   
      income tax expense
    -41,000         -1,729,000 -4,729,000 -917,000  -691,000 1,521,000 423,000                                                                            
      net income
    -246,037,000 -904,577,000 -363,505,000 -228,727,000 -196,859,000 -1,335,628,000 -211,168,000 -262,333,000 -295,776,000 -642,395,000 -283,479,000 -236,398,000 -206,561,000 -125,135,750 -170,758,000 -173,296,000 -156,489,000                                       -6,752,668 -7,243,200 -8,592,651 -9,291,565 -18,515,955 -12,182,585 -12,130,859 -10,170,736 -10,249,508 -8,157,449 -64,295,321 -13,810,258 -22,866,759 -20,727,686 -17,484,853 -15,176,246 -16,726,710 -11,183,007 -13,281,870 -11,876,795 -13,025,003 -12,125,919 -16,453,035 -11,867,837 -10,887,437 -12,535,153 -11,804,431 -11,683,319 -11,298,989 -11,952,088 -14,039,505 -12,405,511 -12,826,891 -13,766,895 -12,719,075 -10,674,366 
      yoy
    24.98% -32.27% 72.14% -12.81% -33.44% 107.91% -25.51% 10.97% 43.19% 413.36% 66.01% 36.41% 32.00%                                           -63.53% -40.54% -29.17% -8.64% 80.65% 49.34% -81.13% -26.35% -55.18% -60.64% 267.72% -9.00% 36.71% 85.35% 31.64% 27.78% 28.42% -7.78% -19.27% 0.08% 19.63% -3.26% 39.38% 1.58% -3.64% 4.88% -15.92% -5.82% -11.91% -13.18% 10.38% 16.22%     
      qoq
    -72.80% 148.85% 58.93% 16.19% -85.26% 532.50% -19.50% -11.31% -53.96% 126.61% 19.92% 14.44% 65.07% -26.72% -1.46% 10.74%                                        -6.77% -15.70% -7.52% -49.82% 51.99% 0.43% 19.27% -0.77% 25.65% -87.31% 365.56% -39.61% 10.32% 18.55% 15.21% -9.27% 49.57% -15.80% 11.83% -8.82% 7.41% -26.30% 38.64% 9.00% -13.14% 6.19% 1.04% 3.40% -5.46% -14.87% 13.17% -3.29% -6.83% 8.24% 19.16%  
      net income margin %
    -150.47% -401.64% -205.31% -131.47% -147.27% -697.57% -121.55% -183.00% -245.94% -289.16% -142.66% -90.86% -98.23% -56.69% -90.53% -114.56% -111.14% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% -Infinity% 
      net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
    -733,000 -58,607,000 -1,636,000 -1,628,000 -203,000                                                                                       
      net loss attributable to plug power inc.
    -245,304,000 -845,970,000 -361,869,000 -227,099,000 -196,656,000                                                                                       
      net income per share
                                                                                               
      basic and diluted
    -0.18 -0.69 -0.31 -0.2 -0.21 -1.65 -0.25 -0.36 -0.46 -1.08 -0.47 -0.4 -0.35 -0.38 -0.3 -0.3 -0.27 -0.34 -0.19 -0.18 -0.12 -0.1 -0.11 -0.03 -0.12 -0.04 -0.09 -0.08 -0.15 -0.08 -0.07 -0.12 -0.09 -0.08 -0.18 -0.19 -0.13 -0.11 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06                                                  
      weighted-average number of common stock outstanding
    1,389,672,378 1,146,691,189 1,158,516,229 1,126,627,283 945,767,987 785,024,373 858,442,951 736,848,684 641,256,134 595,468,419 599,465,146 598,053,390 589,205,165 579,716,708 578,043,278 578,043,278 577,866,983 558,182,177 574,520,806 567,033,722 513,458,287 237,152,780 371,010,544 316,645,050 305,192,201 237,152,780 236,759,521                                                                 
      loss on extinguishment of convertible debt instruments and debt
     -22,374,000  -5,475,000 -3,652,000                                                                                       
      change in fair value of convertible debenture
     475,500  9,240,000 -7,338,000                                                                                       
      change in fair value of debt
     -1,531,750 -2,719,000 -3,408,000                                                                                        
      income tax benefit
     -252,000 -92,000 -12,000  2,568,000 -95,000 376,000 -163,000    -1,270,000    -414,000     6,045,500 6,523,000 17,659,000      1,636,000 1,716,000 2,912,000 2,953,000        392,000    324,680   410,259                                            
      realized gain on investments
             65,750  264,000        18,000                                                                        
      other-than-temporary impairment of available-for-sale securities
             -2,707,750 -10,831,000                                                                                 
      change in fair value of equity securities
             2,434,000 70,000 3,842,000 5,075,000 4,705,000 -4,221,000 -13,484,000 -5,159,000 7,022,000 -607,000 323,000                                                                        
      loss on extinguishment of convertible senior notes
         -3,511,750   -14,047,000                                                                                   
      other expense
           -9,080,000 -6,996,000   -5,082,000 -4,771,000 6,861,000 -5,399,000 -2,456,000 -1,309,000 -447,000 -50,000 -70,000 -198,000                                                                       
      realized loss on investments
                -1,000 -80,000  -468,000 -847,000 155,000 -254,000                                                                         
      impairment of long-lived assets
                1,083,000                                                                               
      sales of fuel cell systems, related infrastructure and equipment
                 175,867,000 157,985,000 116,233,000 108,847,000                                                                           
      sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
                     65,512,250 115,999,000 99,278,000 46,772,000 -1,741,000 83,528,000 47,746,000 20,387,000 70,952,000 38,165,000 38,547,000 2,220,000 41,191,000 36,668,000 20,622,000 11,458,000 15,352,000 45,179,000 8,560,000 2,197,000 19,993,000 5,653,000 9,121,000 5,218,000                                                   
      fuel delivered to customers
                     93,392,000 11,556,000 11,121,000 11,127,000 4,563,000 9,831,000 7,372,000 7,333,000 10,157,000 6,557,000 6,932,000 5,453,000 6,453,000 5,786,000 6,488,000 5,535,000 5,975,000 4,850,000 3,986,000 3,491,000 3,359,000 2,909,000 2,638,000 2,010,000                                                   
      interest
                     -6,973,750 -5,361,000 -10,268,000 -12,266,000                                                                       
      gain on extinguishment of debt
                         -13,740,000  13,222,000                                                                    
      net loss attributable to the company
                     -192,914,000 -106,671,000 -99,634,000 -60,746,000 -21,378,500 -39,379,000 -8,656,000 -37,479,000 -11,737,000 -21,229,000 -18,561,000 -33,938,000 -16,847,000 -15,565,000 -25,868,000 -19,835,000 -19,439,000 -40,983,000 -42,619,000 -24,039,000 -19,211,000 -13,394,000 -13,128,000 -11,754,000 -10,213,000  -11,051,821 -9,351,034                                               
      preferred stock dividends declared
                                    -13,000    -26,000 -26,000 -26,000 -26,000 -26,000                                                   
      net loss attributable to common stockholders
                     -192,914,000 -106,671,000 -99,634,000 -60,746,000 -21,383,250 -39,379,000 -8,669,000 -37,492,000 -11,750,000 -21,242,000                                                                 
      gross profit
                         11,333,000 -1,290,000 5,076,000  19,320,000 5,262,000 10,154,000  4,507,000 4,409,000   -657,000 -19,410,000 -3,543,000 -4,479,000 3,011,000 381,000 384,000 170,000                                                   
      yoy
                         -41.34% -124.52% -50.01%  328.67% 19.35%   -786.00% -122.72%   -121.82% -5194.49% -1022.66% -2734.71%                                                       
      qoq
                         -978.53% -125.41%   267.16% -48.18%   2.22%    -96.62% 447.84% -20.90% -248.75% 690.29% -0.78% 125.88%                                                    
      gross margin %
    0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 80.36% -1.21% 7.46% 0% 19.67% 9.33% 17.79% 0% 7.53% 8.29% 0% 0% -2.06% -54.88% -17.05% -Infinity% Infinity% Infinity% Infinity% Infinity% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% NaN% 
      interest and other expense
                         -10,505,500 -17,241,000 -13,198,000 -11,583,000 -10,806,000 -8,490,000 -7,861,000 -8,345,000 -6,542,000 -6,352,000 -6,136,000 -3,105,000 -2,988,000 -2,724,000 -2,251,000 -2,137,000 -948,750 -2,113,000 -1,208,000 -561,000     -90,469 -88,545 -124,651 -146,922 -82,607        -80,624 -33,289 -177,110 -195,964 -227,323 -285,909 -317,554 -296,295 213,263 -286,442 -220,567 -106,911                       
      change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
                             72,000 427,000 1,706,000 -2,126,000 978,000 1,716,000 334,000 1,258,000 1,266,000 -1,878,000 -12,296,000 -2,280,000 -365,000 1,975,000 1,456,000 1,278,000 2,167,000 667,000 1,768,795 485,471 -68,433,468 -20,930,757 -8,206,429 -5,833,318 -2,131,314  1,053,051 1,238,750 -757,634 2,414,267                                     
      preferred stock dividends declared and accretion of discount
                         -4,750  -13,000 -13,000 -13,000 -13,000 -26,000 -52,000 -13,000 -13,000 -13,000  -12,000 -25,000 -26,000                                                        
      net loss attributable to common shareholders
                               -18,587,000 -33,990,000 -16,860,000 -15,578,000 -25,881,000 -19,848,000 -19,451,000 -41,008,000 -42,645,000 -24,065,000 -19,237,000 -13,420,000 -13,154,000 -11,780,000 -10,238,000  -11,077,851 -9,377,064                                               
      weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
                               231,114,868 220,605,068 218,882,337 218,953,106 214,315,312 226,985,762 216,343,985 225,762,535 220,310,678 191,185,690 180,619,860 180,375,680 180,282,904 180,125,763 177,369,017  173,365,830 169,557,223 133,750,522 76,436,408 84,150,851 68,662,067 48,566,794 34,376,427                88,207,878  88,071,196 87,341,717 86,894,954 86,656,349 86,448,152 86,100,326    78,463,236    73,125,957    60,145,940   51,664,671 50,644,950 50,818,978 
      revenue:
                                                                                               
      gross revenue
                                   39,927,000 29,080,000 33,663,000 61,427,000 22,604,000                                                        
      provision for common stock warrants
                                   -3,921,000 -1,885,000 -1,790,000 -26,057,000 -1,820,000                                                        
      total revenue
                                        15,235,000 32,578,000 17,559,000 20,459,000 15,332,000 31,432,000 24,009,000 9,415,539 19,881,094 5,574,441 8,032,231 4,626,816 7,497,274 6,445,107  7,659,097 7,752,142 11,867,245 5,470,254 4,346,689 5,941,754 6,244,908 5,752,804 3,103,786 2,747,316 3,907,688 2,542,253 3,221,215 2,621,400 5,277,412 4,054,280 4,832,739 3,736,886 5,098,312 4,535,031 4,007,102 2,630,177 1,040,346 1,755,539 2,764,157 2,275,708 2,728,359 3,880,675 3,656,684 3,220,687 4,541,861 4,628,823 3,685,014 3,285,605 2,980,584 3,465,104 3,104,174 2,952,355 3,376,535 2,993,687 
      loss on acquisition activity
                                                                                               
      interest and other income
                                            87,000 28,000 32,000 31,176 628,339 45,009 66,897 26,028 40,869 16,212        188,147.75 141,930 268,622                                
      product revenue
                                             17,976,000 15,324,000 4,067,476 12,595,044 3,162,327                                              
      service revenue
                                             13,446,000 8,428,000 5,303,063 6,914,933 2,065,715                                              
      research and development contract revenue
                                             10,000 257,000 45,000 371,117 346,399 266,796 461,808 367,508 400,418  457,693 515,376 543,927 994,244 1,562,719 785,224 654,609 957,270 778,017 1,207,974 2,687,183 1,497,400 1,936,522 1,338,678 3,861,729 2,783,302 3,702,439 2,886,552 4,353,658 3,335,541 3,331,325 2,168,143 659,829 1,079,161 2,021,307 1,418,978 1,687,611 2,570,957 2,183,015 2,164,317 3,430,358 3,293,805 2,176,974 1,934,518 1,630,211 1,477,011 958,643 919,292 1,331,130 374,577 
      cost of product revenue
                                             15,145,000 11,653,000 3,837,935 11,058,189 3,444,964                                              
      cost of service revenue
                                             16,201,000 10,483,000 7,637,863 9,217,120 4,018,382                                              
      cost of research and development contract revenue
                                             10,000 311,000 51,153 699,490 417,917 622,628 730,486 532,779 620,096  832,564 765,958 726,443 1,695,171 2,473,516 1,337,080         3,631,496.5 3,794,321  4,973,808 6,470,323 5,198,167 4,723,078 2,653,279 1,413,159 1,335,963 2,350,841 2,536,699 2,541,063 3,364,876 3,255,333 2,914,459 3,558,640 4,260,544 3,065,020 2,589,886       
      research and development expense
                                             4,131,000 3,425,000 2,900,944 1,643,526 1,253,396 777,977 768,965 823,581 750,484  1,577,077 1,227,457 2,007,927 1,478,847 1,106,248 1,062,726 947,017 2,085,622 4,381,814 5,486,717 3,514,611 4,387,231 3,957,569 4,464,962 8,389,608 7,703,000 8,858,104 10,036,495                       
      legal reserve
                                                2,400,000                                               
      selling, general and administrative expenses
                                             8,201,000 8,002,000 7,140,969 4,950,594 3,252,009 3,475,736 2,753,030 3,215,425 2,881,275  3,567,268 3,935,793 3,494,945 3,606,505 3,882,917 3,561,598 7,743,636 3,430,197 10,540,814 3,857,717 3,760,239 3,973,651 4,454,052 3,238,864 8,695,986 4,754,655 8,421,723 6,460,787                       
      gain on acquisition activity
                                                                                               
      gain on bargain purchase
                                                                                               
      net (loss) income attributable to the company
                                              -9,226,000                                                 
      net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders
                                              -9,253,000                                                 
      net (loss) income per share:
                                                                                               
      basic
                                              -0.05                                                 
      diluted
                                              -0.05                                                 
      basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding
                                              173,439,391                                                 
      diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding
                                              173,439,391                                                 
      amortization of intangible assets
                                               608,444 608,444 565,944 565,941 562,896 568,291 573,730  572,991 575,773 568,308 584,606 588,473 581,489 571,787 562,785 566,880 562,175 556,867 544,114 525,154 506,198 514,351 562,668 572,933 575,002 585,939 571,914 456,250                    
      loss per share:
                                                                                               
      basic and diluted
                                               -0.06 -0.06           -0.41 -0.05 -0.07 -0.07 -0.14 -0.09 -0.1 -0.08 -0.08 -0.06 -0.71 -0.16 -0.26 -0.24 -0.19 -0.17 -0.19 -0.13 -0.15 -0.14 -0.15 -0.14 -0.19 -0.15 -0.15 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.15 -0.16 -0.2 -0.2 -0.21 -0.27 -0.25 -0.21 
      gain on sale of equity interest in joint venture
                                                    3,234,717                                           
      loss per share:
                                                                                               
      product and service revenue
                                                  4,334,865.75 4,165,008 7,129,766 6,044,689  7,201,404 7,236,766 11,296,130 4,312,885 2,620,845 4,993,405 5,454,361 4,795,534 2,325,769 1,539,342 1,220,505 1,044,853 1,284,693 1,282,722 1,415,683 1,270,978 1,130,300 850,334 744,654 1,199,490 675,777 462,034 380,517 676,378 742,850 856,730 1,040,748 1,309,718 1,473,669 1,056,370 1,111,503 1,335,018 1,508,040 1,351,087 1,350,373 1,988,093 2,145,531 2,033,063 2,045,405 2,619,110 
      cost of product and service revenue
                                                  6,195,879.5 7,812,018 8,973,308 7,998,192  8,642,527 9,060,689 11,481,985 7,565,994 4,931,170 6,690,453 7,936,481 7,344,444 4,542,373 3,287,853 3,680,105 1,334,565 1,748,268 483,515 5,143,024 1,834,541 2,826,819 1,637,848 1,368,722 1,963,490 4,381,985 1,684,577 1,514,181 761,453 1,336,366 1,220,994               
      licensed technology revenue
                                                         27,188 163,125 163,125 163,125                                   
      interest and other income and net realized losses
                                                                                               
      from available-for-sale securities
                                                       43,690 47,524 27,568 99,740 87,224 33,898    342,039 329,451.25 627,357     656,859                        
      interest and other expense and foreign currency gain
                                                       -42,965 -55,848 -25,111 -17,042 5,223 14,494                                   
      weighted-average number of common shares
                                                                                               
      outstanding
                                                       37,853,358 23,437,600 1,336,299 22,676,114 16,320,235 132,250,954 193,251 131,501,132 131,161,746 130,440,572 149,758 129,356,230 129,044,133 128,472,637   88,147,533                        
      gain on sale of leased assets
                                                         -168,339.5 -673,358                                     
      change in fair value of auction rate securities repurchase agreement
                                                              -2,842,790 -2,469,113 -665,919 -112,663 -570,106 -513,761 -3,049,994                           
      net trading gain
                                                              2,842,790 2,469,113 665,919 112,663 570,106 513,761                            
      change in fair value of warrant liability
                                                           1,790,520                                    
      cost of research and development contract
                                                                                               
      revenue
                                                             1,322,712 1,729,962 1,679,372 1,881,514 4,670,896 2,814,876 2,728,382 2,219,207   5,757,857                        
      weighted average number of common shares
                                                                                               
      in-process research and development
                                                                                            3,000,000   
      goodwill impairment
                                                                                               
      interest and other income and net realized gains
                                                                                               
      impairment loss on available-for-sale securities
                                                                     -4,942,229 -789,117 -1,698,354 -2,794,646                       
      loss before equity in losses of affiliates
                                                                -12,182,585 -12,130,859 -10,170,736 -10,249,508 -8,157,449 -64,295,321 -13,810,258 -22,866,759 -20,727,686 -17,484,853 -15,176,246 -16,726,710 -11,183,007 -13,281,870 -11,876,795 -13,025,003 -12,125,919 -12,014,680 -11,419,563 -10,439,163 -12,084,698 -11,351,381 -11,232,177 -10,865,466 -11,486,270 -13,581,562 -11,928,671 -12,347,004 -13,281,694 -12,253,888 -10,192,963 
      equity in losses of affiliates
                                                                                 -4,438,355 -448,274 -448,274 -450,455 -453,050 -451,142 -433,523 -465,818 -457,943 -476,840 -479,877 -485,201 -465,187 -481,403 
      (losses) from available-for-sale securities
                                                                   260,256 430,192                           
      net unrealized gains on trading securities
                                                                    3,049,994                           
      interest and other income and net realized gains from available-for-sale securities
                                                                     1,159,497.5 1,860,206                         
      interest income and net realized gains
                                                                                               
      interest income and net realized gains from available-for-sale securities
                                                                        2,120,925                       
      cost of revenue and expenses
                                                                                               
      research and development expense:
                                                                                               
      noncash stock-based compensation
                                                                         664,243.75 928,305 852,301 876,369 726,242 712,851 716,915 663,360 437,970 386,777 377,080 372,274 932,087 663,748 521,138 474,183 318,448 500,596 288,667 226,125 483,610 269,836 
      other research and development
                                                                         6,197,426.75 8,433,526 7,934,155 8,422,026 10,261,389 10,855,776 9,319,301 8,321,400 8,810,867 9,121,130 7,364,196 9,448,988 8,083,505 7,932,783 7,338,143 9,257,202 8,979,105 9,727,157 10,124,310 9,905,330 9,879,824 8,411,249 
      general and administrative expense:
                                                                                               
      other general and administrative
                                                                         3,193,476.5 4,682,351 4,553,559 3,537,995 3,020,888 3,123,729 2,438,249 2,238,234 1,591,422 1,980,584 1,907,101 1,967,733 1,848,435 1,695,064 1,827,074 1,654,490 1,559,145 1,505,024 1,788,355 1,500,727 1,785,763 1,667,745 
      interest income and net realized gains from the sale of available-for-sale securities
                                                                         2,319,346.5 2,760,053 2,643,710                    
      interest income and net realized gains/losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities
                                                                            3,873,623                   
      weighted-average number of shares outstanding
                                                                              86,184,390 86,020,770 85,927,896  80,193,623 73,493,993 73,449,444  73,173,913 73,054,440 72,922,796  60,958,387 60,368,062    
      cost of product and service revenues
                                                                                 619,759.5 796,057 975,316 707,665 971,750 1,239,102 1,753,054 894,844       
      cost of revenues
                                                                                         2,178,261 3,606,186 3,340,875 1,765,983 3,614,958 3,142,867 
    Balance Sheets:
    Quarterly
    Annual
      Unit: USD2026-03-31 2025-12-31 2025-09-30 2025-06-30 2025-03-31 2024-12-31 2024-09-30 2024-06-30 2024-03-31 2023-12-31 2023-09-30 2023-06-30 2023-03-31 2022-12-31 2022-09-30 2022-06-30 2022-03-31 2021-12-31 2021-09-30 2021-06-30 2021-03-31 2020-12-31 2020-09-30 2020-06-30 2020-03-31 2019-12-31 2019-09-30 2019-06-30 2019-03-31 2018-12-31 2018-09-30 2018-06-30 2018-03-31 2017-12-31 2017-09-30 2017-06-30 2017-03-31 2016-12-31 2016-09-30 2016-06-30 2016-03-31 2015-09-30 2015-06-30 2015-03-31 2014-09-30 2014-06-30 2014-03-31 2013-09-30 2013-06-30 2013-03-31 2012-12-31 2012-09-30 2012-06-30 2012-03-31 2011-12-31 2011-09-30 2011-06-30 2011-03-31 2010-12-31 2010-09-30 2010-06-30 2010-03-31 2009-12-31 2009-09-30 2009-06-30 2009-03-31 2008-12-31 2008-09-30 2008-06-30 2008-03-31 2007-12-31 2007-09-30 2007-06-30 2007-03-31 2006-12-31 2006-09-30 2006-06-30 2006-03-31 2005-12-31 2005-09-30 2005-06-30 2005-03-31 2004-12-31 2004-09-30 2004-06-30 2004-03-31 2003-12-31 2003-09-30 2003-06-30 2003-03-31 2002-12-31 2002-09-30 
                                                                                                  
        assets
                                                                                                  
        current assets:
                                                                                                  
        cash and cash equivalents
      223,189,000 368,540,000 165,895,000 140,736,000 295,844,000 205,693,000 93,940,000 62,359,000 172,873,000 135,033,000 110,809,000 579,418,000 474,861,000 690,630,000 1,747,753,000 2,255,951,000 2,495,614,000 2,481,269,000 3,371,962,000 3,160,170,000 4,349,066,000 1,312,404,000 448,140,000 152,492,000 74,340,000 139,496,000 43,275,000 19,845,000 39,336,000 38,602,000 13,825,000 15,035,000 46,746,000 24,828,000 7,957,000 2,090,000 11,765,000 46,014,000 42,486,000 66,040,000  85,009,000 109,139,000 131,537,210 156,461,732 168,608,852 63,231,651 10,959,955 7,410,948 4,502,838 9,380,059 9,461,404 15,851,417 20,829,033 13,856,893  27,151,258 13,001,997 10,955,403  3,789,314 8,269,184   24,991,331 15,997,671 80,844,500 19,567,978 24,643,472 51,755,317 12,076,938 18,171,364 28,207,387 72,954,388 26,899,866 43,043,744 135,121,183 18,607,054 21,877,726 51,753,381 17,439,334 26,019,527 18,976,767 37,324,698 40,623,374 59,795,795 88,685,255 44,854,773 49,299,429 54,004,319 27,257,641 40,241,697 
        restricted cash
      183,685,000 186,746,000 189,256,000 195,443,000 196,059,000 198,008,000 216,772,000 222,847,000 219,616,000 216,552,000 225,818,000 173,449,000 175,978,000 158,958,000 156,686,000 146,013,000 140,117,000 118,633,000 90,688,000 81,460,000 62,397,000 64,041,000 55,704,000 50,634,000 56,804,000 54,813,000 35,720,000 19,400,000 19,297,000 17,399,000 15,803,000 13,367,000 13,811,000 13,898,000 14,902,000 14,830,000 14,828,000 11,219,000 5,075,000 4,012,000 4,012,000 630,000 11,634,000 1,218,181 500,000 500,000 500,000 500,000 750,000 750,000       525,000 525,000 525,000 2,265,847 2,265,477 2,265,461 2,265,405 2,265,348 1,763,716 1,776,965          385,000 385,000 385,000 385,000 365,000 365,000 365,000 365,000 345,000 345,000 345,000 345,000 325,000 325,000 325,000 325,000 310,000 
        accounts receivable
      106,511,000 134,758,000 124,028,000 138,743,000 144,953,000 157,244,000 167,222,000 189,863,000 148,822,000 243,811,000 163,187,000 216,645,000 127,720,000 129,450,000 95,472,000 61,502,000 57,322,000 92,675,000 132,370,000 91,359,000 42,632,000 43,041,000 113,133,000 45,522,000 24,437,000 25,448,000 24,392,000 26,592,000 32,062,000 37,347,000 24,721,000 31,509,000 22,986,000 15,331,000 52,869,000 15,268,000 6,902,000 11,923,000 12,006,000 12,677,000 10,684,000 18,548,000 12,524,000 7,770,863 15,032,920 16,461,076 6,342,316 4,301,033 4,349,020 5,576,989 4,021,725                         1,228,585 1,582,420 1,266,031 1,516,969 1,697,973 1,123,393 1,924,998 2,989,481 3,725,434 4,578,896 2,685,091 3,307,627 3,097,285 2,740,766 3,693,833 4,145,328 3,386,700 
        inventory
      516,153,000 520,968,000 555,092,000 643,926,000 693,472,000 682,642,000 885,764,000 939,534,000 975,898,000 961,253,000 1,024,209,000 904,288,000 775,649,000 645,636,000 516,280,000 429,549,000 333,379,000 269,163,000 229,814,000 209,820,000 187,732,000 139,386,000 134,306,000 114,571,000 92,972,000 72,391,000 80,601,000 73,190,000 65,474,000 47,910,000 53,428,000 42,288,000 47,348,000 48,776,000 44,687,000 42,703,000 33,726,000 29,940,000 35,794,000 34,928,000 39,150,000 31,512,000 32,889,000 32,092,915 21,925,629 19,762,953 11,943,724 9,768,654 8,595,306 10,090,474 8,550,457 13,005,120 9,511,319 8,109,179 10,354,707  7,628,018 9,717,080 10,539,116  10,114,035 6,714,098   6,748,096 6,843,369 6,264,372 7,526,874 5,171,652 6,548,424 5,787,180 7,390,834 6,909,008 6,775,529 5,558,710 4,713,322 4,757,409 5,228,604 4,692,515 4,616,846 5,313,191 4,344,844 3,527,140 3,600,870 3,586,247 3,906,028 2,663,741 3,197,456 2,970,893 2,884,294 2,031,995 1,843,639 
        contract assets
      105,099,000 105,268,000 68,956,000 97,714,000 91,518,000 94,052,000 145,499,000 132,900,000 129,994,000 126,248,000 112,385,000 98,502,000 99,012,000 62,456,000 50,394,000 38,961,000 38,645,000 38,637,000                                                                           
        prepaid expenses, tax credits, and other current assets
      140,148,000 93,988,000 87,660,000 113,435,000 112,068,000 139,845,000                                                                                       
        total current assets
      1,274,785,000 1,410,268,000 1,190,887,000 1,329,997,000 1,533,914,000 1,477,484,000 1,634,021,000 1,672,422,000 1,766,573,000 1,786,965,000 2,239,904,000 2,617,243,000 2,977,324,000 3,305,298,000 3,651,652,000 3,894,070,000 4,099,894,000 4,448,525,000 4,787,995,000 4,966,411,000 5,096,184,000 1,603,196,000 778,014,000 394,655,000 277,053,000 313,340,000 196,792,000 153,028,000 166,465,000 155,615,000 123,827,000 117,860,000 145,532,000 119,607,000 133,173,000 88,017,000 77,584,000 110,933,000 106,872,000 127,516,000 130,466,000 143,616,000 160,502,000 177,823,751 199,469,688 209,925,332                      128,252,372 140,185,834 159,328,613 178,817,159 193,610,634 203,601,786 265,909,463 279,280,819 286,731,000 298,212,812 94,441,549 105,681,848 114,864,170 55,276,042 64,237,039 74,961,763 84,686,029 93,276,378 102,200,611 110,282,464 66,120,313 74,749,924 88,002,625 67,135,237 75,394,412 
        property, plant, and equipment
      240,499,000 281,001,000 877,347,000 910,144,000 879,850,000 866,329,000 1,534,056,000 1,509,693,000 1,453,991,000 1,436,177,000 1,252,483,000 1,061,810,000 874,659,000  607,268,000 431,492,000 324,653,000 255,623,000 169,586,000 110,475,000 82,823,000 74,549,000    14,959,000    12,869,000    10,414,000    8,246,000      5,195,295 5,589,569 5,284,715 5,235,504 5,806,724   6,708,237                                          
        right of use assets related to finance leases
      39,065,000 44,852,000 52,523,000 55,017,000 50,720,000 51,822,000 52,947,000 54,735,000 56,131,000 57,281,000 54,819,000 56,336,000 56,708,000 53,742,000 49,603,000 44,201,000 40,068,000 32,494,000 22,039,000 16,926,000 11,270,000 5,724,000                                                                       
        right of use assets related to operating leases
      170,193,000 182,206,000 191,523,000 215,310,000 216,463,000 218,081,000 361,009,000 376,106,000 389,201,000 399,969,000 404,595,000 396,448,000 371,472,000 360,287,000 311,878,000 241,421,000 229,508,000 212,537,000 167,907,000 145,803,000 124,503,000 117,016,000                                                                       
        equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers
      133,788,000 122,926,000 132,285,000 129,456,000 151,282,000 144,072,000 142,238,000 117,335,000 115,109,000 111,261,000 108,717,000 104,026,000 98,301,000 89,293,000 88,490,000 83,159,000 77,559,000 72,902,000 78,711,000 78,918,000 74,214,000 75,807,000                                                                       
        intangible assets
      28,231,000 29,228,000 77,948,000 81,043,000 82,777,000 84,660,000 175,006,000 178,338,000 183,325,000 188,886,000 193,177,000 199,083,000 203,740,000 207,725,000 195,647,000 204,213,000 212,407,000 158,208,000 37,644,000 38,052,000 38,393,000 39,251,000 39,169,000 38,574,000 5,296,000 5,539,000 5,113,000 5,398,000 3,677,000 3,890,000    3,785,000    3,933,000    4,915,000 768,000 881,875 2,098,763 2,707,207 2,335,651 3,467,536 3,982,971 4,634,636 5,270,571 5,896,909 6,316,302 7,001,738 7,474,636 7,981,952 8,848,390 9,459,469 9,871,394 10,264,704 10,709,642 11,466,511 11,821,830 12,126,568 12,213,142 12,179,936 12,843,182 14,716,994 15,537,433 15,992,039 16,979,327 17,809,312 17,654,957                    
        investments in non-consolidated entities and non-marketable securities
      45,612,000 46,909,000                                                                                           
        other assets
      16,559,000 14,343,000 22,701,000 22,870,000 24,755,000 13,933,000 13,014,000 11,179,000 10,310,000 11,116,000 16,601,000 8,368,000 6,783,000 6,694,000 11,249,000 3,920,000 3,454,000 4,047,000 13,820,000 12,225,000 5,225,000 5,513,000 9,661,000 11,817,000 12,059,000 8,573,000 9,152,000 8,842,000 11,069,000 8,026,000 6,642,000 10,722,000 11,922,000 11,165,000 11,635,000 11,761,000 11,871,000 11,966,000 12,008,000 12,284,000 12,012,000 8,385,000 1,967,000 1,907,664 1,620,342 16,779                  116 608 201,242 169,130 169,504 161,772 152,653 130,940 263,090 187,906 202,067 201,859 227,945 251,959 278,234 307,164 307,410 330,477 350,828 379,361 400,502 383,596 410,996 438,396 465,796 493,194 520,595 547,995 474,701 
        total assets
      2,368,184,000 2,594,568,000 3,104,752,000 3,353,780,000 3,633,406,000 3,602,846,000 4,724,874,000 4,779,853,000 4,847,306,000 4,902,738,000 5,452,121,000 5,583,277,000 5,654,093,000 5,764,276,000 5,858,804,000 5,734,404,000 5,803,805,000 5,950,076,000 5,740,100,000 5,788,826,000 5,786,241,000 2,251,282,000 1,500,629,000 1,030,314,000 748,544,000 771,184,000 556,009,000 456,994,000 396,199,000 390,326,000 319,278,000 276,227,000 298,306,000 270,810,000 275,683,000 228,580,000 210,724,000 240,832,000 223,985,000 233,403,000 222,169,000 204,618,000 182,954,000 189,265,958 211,807,521 221,108,005                      211,607,059 226,278,873 246,042,144 268,391,718 282,087,979 289,519,047 294,332,205 307,919,912 319,583,180 331,264,245 128,084,705 139,784,377 154,966,489 95,951,336 105,877,737 117,997,490 129,843,663 140,112,898 150,885,957 160,588,771 118,332,612 129,088,014 143,029,458 108,682,791 119,647,021 
        liabilities and stockholders’ equity
                                                                                                  
        current liabilities:
                                                                                                  
        accounts payable
      144,251,000 168,744,000 162,223,000 152,060,000 191,611,000 180,966,000 207,224,000 253,715,000 285,546,000 257,828,000 292,925,000 220,470,000 188,149,000 191,895,000 199,865,000 146,166,000 78,711,000 92,307,000 68,378,000 70,027,000 47,168,000 50,198,000 58,793,000 39,812,000 35,503,000 40,376,000 36,851,000 36,946,000 31,688,000 34,824,000 37,105,000 36,128,000 42,609,000 42,362,000 38,650,000 28,149,000 27,046,000 32,112,000 28,612,000 30,566,000 23,045,000 18,176,000 12,188,000 8,616,761 7,902,787 9,302,961 2,838,445 4,129,126 3,311,931 5,602,713 3,558,157 5,541,807 4,143,823 2,903,785 4,668,721  1,208,218 2,021,779 3,560,048  3,100,701 2,077,278   906,612 1,568,865 3,274,972 4,289,578 2,959,946 4,182,170 4,636,997 4,333,322 1,560,134 1,941,430 1,989,983 2,309,322 2,063,550 2,210,321 2,660,130 2,258,677 2,442,378 1,691,418 2,339,143 2,616,210 2,174,405 2,888,454 1,975,370 2,480,094 1,691,203 1,852,904 947,839 1,054,352 
        accrued expenses
      113,068,000 128,010,000 122,360,000 105,173,000 128,857,000 103,145,000 107,402,000 112,612,000 154,814,000 200,544,000 153,635,000 166,315,000 167,754,000 156,430,000 157,479,000 98,341,000 64,970,000 79,237,000 52,645,000 35,405,000 28,595,000 46,083,000 32,031,000 23,320,000 14,273,000 14,213,000 9,457,000 4,522,000 6,509,000 7,864,000 8,553,000 10,777,000 8,190,000 10,595,000 8,912,000 6,336,000 6,497,000 8,519,000 8,791,000 6,725,000 9,968,000 6,917,000 5,655,000 7,051,257 5,762,871 2,790,785 2,249,776 1,855,898 1,449,137 2,206,036 3,828,045 2,075,772 2,403,646 2,378,956 3,172,998  3,644,267 3,965,200 4,336,229  9,111,173 4,828,379   4,672,018 4,199,496 9,945,316 6,914,000 6,060,551 4,054,528 5,509,804 4,166,127 5,264,020 2,641,332 2,596,990 2,314,292 2,669,814 2,974,833 3,835,973 3,111,334 2,157,441 2,766,008 2,447,316 2,028,513 2,165,340 3,489,742 3,491,583 3,843,465 3,390,586 5,260,138 3,103,135 2,232,566 
        deferred revenue and other contract liabilities
      68,508,000 66,742,000 88,174,000 107,063,000 137,566,000 144,093,000 132,345,000 174,828,000 179,902,000 204,139,000 176,614,000 165,114,000 137,357,000 131,813,000 108,026,000 60,315,000 92,682,000 116,377,000                                                                           
        operating lease liabilities
      63,181,000 70,407,000 70,171,000 72,478,000 75,475,000 71,250,000 66,973,000 66,405,000 65,250,000 63,691,000 62,110,000 57,953,000 52,859,000 48,861,000 43,363,000 37,214,000 33,540,000 30,822,000 23,284,000 19,915,000 18,778,000 14,314,000                                                                       
        finance lease liabilities
      10,098,000 10,934,000 14,677,000 14,147,000 14,094,000 12,802,000 10,822,000 10,159,000 9,602,000 9,441,000 9,094,000 8,901,000 8,622,000 8,149,000 7,216,000 6,324,000 5,654,000 4,718,000 2,758,000 2,728,000 1,794,000 903,000                                                                       
        finance obligations
      66,374,000 76,160,000 78,840,000 81,368,000 83,015,000 83,129,000 83,305,000 85,642,000 85,175,000 84,031,000 85,372,000 75,321,000 63,370,000 58,925,000 53,236,000 46,784,000 44,337,000 42,040,000 35,595,000 33,846,000 32,144,000 32,717,000 63,692,000 57,695,000 52,047,000 49,507,000 41,112,000 30,663,000 23,997,000 74,264,000 48,705,000 40,581,000 37,662,000 34,506,000 23,913,000 21,197,000 21,716,000 14,787,000 10,472,000 5,171,000 2,528,000 9,650,000                                                   
        current portion of convertible debt instruments
      2,495,000 2,583,000 143,984,000 145,318,000 58,384,000                                                                                        
        current portion of long-term debt
      439,000 626,000 121,723,000 64,936,000 941,000 946,000 3,232,000 3,030,000 2,786,000 2,716,000 2,648,000 513,000 5,228,000 5,142,000 937,000 980,000 4,155,000 15,252,000 23,491,000 30,403,000 21,389,000 25,389,000 74,829,000 50,933,000 27,819,000 26,461,000 17,202,000 15,928,000 12,559,000 16,803,000 11,489,000 11,461,000 14,763,000 18,762,000 22,081,000 5,383,000 5,971,000 2,964,000                                                       
        contingent consideration, loss accrual for service contracts, and other current liabilities
      72,292,000 86,382,000 100,363,000 93,223,000 98,442,000 93,885,000 117,479,000 103,223,000 128,369,000 142,410,000 148,187,000 133,231,000 54,201,000 34,060,000 29,269,000 31,645,000                                                                             
        total current liabilities
      540,706,000 610,588,000 902,515,000 835,766,000 788,385,000 748,489,000 786,945,000 809,614,000 911,444,000 964,800,000 930,585,000 827,818,000 677,540,000 635,275,000 599,391,000 427,769,000 358,331,000 420,553,000 269,943,000 251,078,000 191,813,000 222,366,000 263,851,000 208,354,000 151,622,000 150,791,000 126,340,000 102,806,000 88,760,000 146,370,000 117,095,000 109,666,000 113,341,000 115,721,000 103,148,000 67,110,000 67,135,000 66,485,000 56,436,000 49,715,000 67,711,000 33,580,000 24,742,000 22,130,384 21,876,590 19,490,993                      17,580,715 15,501,730 13,873,613 14,911,330 13,068,809 10,707,382 8,439,583 12,279,293 8,169,734 9,101,029 8,914,771 10,170,957 9,154,827 9,718,535 10,077,622 10,888,924 11,514,523 11,280,471 11,473,535 10,996,885 11,200,272 9,733,300 12,023,109 10,259,464 8,974,008 
        warrant liabilities
      106,963,000 52,323,000                                                                                           
        convertible debt instruments
      502,770,000 431,014,000   255,277,000                                                                                        
        long-term debt
      1,258,000 1,306,000 122,346,000 135,325,000 1,697,000 1,932,000 2,341,000 2,400,000 1,013,000 1,209,000 1,405,000 3,677,000 3,799,000 3,925,000 65,325,000 91,677,000 104,990,000 112,794,000 123,764,000 130,081,000 139,870,000 150,013,000 120,380,000 101,844,000 79,119,000 85,708,000 78,840,000 83,776,000 72,676,000 133,000 9,372,000 15,272,000 12,871,000 13,371,000 17,933,000 17,955,000 17,873,000 20,829,000 23,541,000 23,907,000                                    3,603,641 3,603,641 3,603,641 3,603,641 3,998,391 3,998,391 3,998,391 3,998,391 4,365,955 4,365,955 4,365,955 4,365,955 4,729,412 4,756,438 4,756,438 4,644,288 5,000,274 
        contingent consideration, loss accrual for service contracts, and other liabilities
      49,425,000 57,678,000 107,492,000 99,706,000 114,256,000 135,833,000 142,937,000 159,830,000 143,522,000 146,679,000 121,549,000 101,918,000 180,273,000 193,051,000 163,864,000 169,791,000                                                                             
        total liabilities
      1,594,295,000 1,591,254,000 1,606,131,000 1,589,820,000 1,700,819,000 1,795,090,000 1,695,541,000 1,791,273,000 1,918,184,000 2,004,613,000 1,942,835,000 1,844,192,000 1,732,443,000 1,704,062,000 1,635,228,000 1,395,823,000 1,327,573,000 1,344,380,000 1,033,211,000 957,957,000 867,178,000 784,363,000 883,185,000 790,349,000 638,715,000 635,355,000 543,960,000 436,014,000 365,739,000 355,970,000 304,164,000 249,390,000 248,105,000 196,455,000 188,221,000 129,160,000 141,084,000 146,122,000 129,214,000 127,454,000 104,985,000 54,818,000 40,229,000 39,051,643 46,811,093 47,852,367                      18,270,697 20,017,975 18,288,702 19,491,244 18,781,534 16,001,722 9,566,395 13,391,720 12,871,417 13,788,327 13,587,685 14,829,486 14,193,721 14,743,044 15,087,747 15,884,664 16,875,185 16,647,881 16,845,025 16,302,650 16,905,109 15,500,779 17,826,203 15,986,023 14,992,360 
        stockholders’ equity:
                                                                                                  
        common stock, .01 par value per share...
      13,957,000 13,943,000 12,194,000 11,658,000 9,977,000 9,342,000 9,003,000 8,070,000 7,057,000                                                                                    
        additional paid-in capital
      9,206,736,000 9,186,314,000 8,886,531,000 8,789,434,000 8,752,399,000 8,430,537,000 8,388,930,000 8,137,182,000 7,823,209,000 7,494,685,000 7,456,196,000 7,409,733,000 7,360,887,000 7,297,306,000 7,245,396,000 7,163,486,000 7,116,125,000 7,070,710,000 6,978,454,000 6,962,720,000 6,949,938,000 3,446,650,000 2,083,199,000 1,658,532,000 1,519,257,000 1,507,116,000 1,347,398,000 1,328,911,000 1,319,879,000 1,289,714,000 1,284,384,000 1,276,989,000 1,273,680,000 1,250,899,000 1,244,789,000 1,215,879,000 1,139,956,000 1,137,482,000 1,126,007,000 1,123,615,000 1,121,408,000 1,116,910,000 1,100,009,000 1,098,246,504 1,094,680,811 1,091,955,245 970,533,905 822,303,366 811,348,475 802,881,237 801,840,491 801,351,649 800,863,021 800,368,988 784,213,871  782,834,787 769,914,316 769,659,871  769,262,870 769,069,904   767,306,208 766,983,337 765,347,706 762,699,815 760,834,543 759,654,583 758,169,498 755,356,784 753,969,778 752,481,123 751,118,315 749,842,096 748,923,680 532,955,621 531,435,616 530,844,735 459,666,158 458,704,001 457,880,663 457,234,014 456,551,693  454,399,857      
        accumulated other comprehensive income
      3,442,000 6,796,000 3,775,000 3,478,000              -1,532,000  34,000 1,420,000 2,451,000 1,958,000 1,271,000 1,164,000 1,400,000 929,000 1,460,000 1,374,000 1,584,000 1,762,000 1,844,000 2,606,000 2,194,000 1,958,000 1,403,000 467,000 247,000 1,115,000 1,092,000 1,381,000 1,245,000 898,000 897,807 897,807 897,807 897,807 947,584 922,316 965,757 1,004,412 1,035,329 924,704 1,005,247 928,744  1,070,402 1,088,562 965,868  695,632 977,757     -359,253 5,702,887 6,534,828 6,011,944 7,810,558 7,545,207 3,969,316   109,267                 
        accumulated deficit
      -8,471,343,000 -8,226,039,000 -7,380,069,000 -7,018,200,000 -6,791,101,000 -6,594,445,000 -5,259,021,000 -5,047,853,000 -4,785,520,000 -4,489,744,000 -3,847,349,000 -3,563,870,000 -3,327,472,000 -3,120,911,000 -2,897,446,000 -2,726,688,000 -2,553,392,000 -2,396,903,000 -2,203,989,000 -2,097,319,000 -1,997,684,000 -1,946,488,000 -1,431,340,000 -1,391,961,000 -1,383,299,000 -1,345,807,000 -1,334,057,000 -1,312,815,000 -1,294,241,000 -1,260,290,000 -1,243,430,000 -1,224,365,000 -1,198,484,000 -1,178,636,000 -1,159,185,000 -1,118,177,000 -1,078,541,000 -1,051,467,000 -1,032,230,000 -1,018,810,000 -1,005,656,000     -921,521,026 -925,346,074 -820,507,992 -804,560,712 -795,222,645 -786,646,266 -778,171,932 -767,846,468 -761,366,914 -754,783,812  -741,325,726 -734,573,058 -727,329,858  -709,445,642                                
        less common stock in treasury: 987,495 as of march 31, 2026 and 970,588 as of december 31, 2025
      -2,982,000                                                                                            
        total plug power inc. stockholders’ equity
      749,810,000 978,069,000 1,416,629,000 1,681,066,000 1,857,200,000 1,734,137,000                                                                                       
        non-controlling interest
      24,079,000 25,245,000 81,992,000 82,894,000 75,387,000 73,619,000                                                                                       
        total stockholders’ equity
      773,889,000 1,003,314,000 1,498,621,000 1,763,960,000 1,932,587,000 1,807,756,000 3,029,333,000 2,988,580,000 2,929,122,000 2,898,125,000 3,509,286,000 3,739,085,000 3,921,650,000 4,060,214,000 4,223,576,000 4,338,581,000 4,476,232,000 4,605,696,000 4,706,889,000 4,830,869,000 4,919,063,000 1,466,919,000 617,444,000 239,965,000 109,120,000 134,679,000    2,713,000 14,405,000 26,128,000 49,492,000 73,646,000 86,753,000 98,267,000 60,709,000 85,088,000 93,618,000 104,796,000 116,031,000 148,647,000 141,572,000 149,061,595 163,843,708 170,884,558                      193,336,362  227,753,442 248,900,474 263,306,445 273,517,325 284,765,810 294,528,192 306,711,763 317,475,918 114,497,020 124,954,891 140,772,768 81,208,292 90,789,990 102,112,826 112,968,478 123,465,017 134,040,932 144,286,121 101,427,503 113,587,235 125,203,255 92,696,768 104,654,661 
        total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
      2,368,184,000 2,594,568,000 3,104,752,000 3,353,780,000 3,633,406,000 3,602,846,000 4,724,874,000 4,779,853,000 4,847,306,000 4,902,738,000 5,452,121,000 5,583,277,000 5,654,093,000 5,764,276,000 5,858,804,000 5,734,404,000 5,803,805,000 5,950,076,000 5,740,100,000 5,788,826,000 5,786,241,000                                               211,607,059  246,042,144 268,391,718 282,087,979 289,519,047 294,332,205 307,919,912 319,583,180 331,264,245 128,084,705 139,784,377 154,966,489 95,951,336 105,877,737 117,997,490 129,843,663 140,112,898 150,885,957 160,588,771 118,332,612 129,088,014 143,029,458 108,682,791 119,647,021 
        less common stock in treasury: 970,588 as of december 31, 2025 and 20,230,043 as of december 31, 2024
       -2,945,000                                                                                           
        investments in non-consolidated entities and non-marketable equity securities
        43,257,000 46,196,000 85,095,000 85,494,000 92,767,000 96,814,000 66,691,000 63,783,000 78,871,000 63,457,000 67,350,000 31,250,000 41,162,000 37,007,000 41,312,000 12,892,000                                                                           
        less common stock in treasury: 18,816,602 as of september 30, 2025 and 20,230,043 as of december 31, 2024
        -105,802,000                                                                                          
        less common stock in treasury: 18,494,066 as of june 30, 2025 and 20,230,043 as of december 31, 2024
         -105,304,000                                                                                         
        accumulated other comprehensive loss
          -5,231,000 -2,502,000 -1,634,000 -1,949,000 -9,078,000 -6,802,000 -1,621,000 -13,764,000 -19,034,000 -26,004,000 -35,025,000 -28,989,000 -18,462,000                                                -254,152 -620,835        -13,161 -70,480  -83,879 -110,752 -257,120 -300,179 -325,433 -428,313 -482,391 -351,254 -528,090        
        less common stock in treasury: 20,257,070 as of march 31, 2025 and 20,230,043 as of december 31, 2024
          -108,844,000                                                                                        
        current portion of convertible senior notes
           58,273,000 58,163,000                                                                                      
        convertible senior notes
           321,060,000 149,214,000 208,576,000 209,802,000 195,264,000 194,922,000 194,584,000 194,250,000 193,919,000 193,592,000 193,269,000 192,949,000 192,633,000 192,320,000 192,011,000 191,768,000 85,640,000 105,088,000 142,704,000 112,878,000 110,246,000 107,760,000 66,844,000 65,025,000 63,247,000 61,509,000 59,812,000 58,275,000                                                            
        less common stock in treasury: 20,230,043 as of december 31, 2024 and 19,169,366 as of december 31, 2023
           -108,795,000                                                                                       
        prepaid expenses and other current assets
            124,824,000 124,919,000 119,370,000 104,068,000 146,905,000 139,537,000 155,822,000 150,389,000 135,506,000 111,846,000 87,763,000 59,888,000 62,746,000 60,579,000 49,097,000 44,324,000 26,731,000 31,436,000 28,500,000 21,192,000 12,804,000 14,001,000 10,296,000 14,357,000 16,050,000 15,661,000 14,641,000 16,774,000 12,758,000 13,126,000 10,363,000 11,837,000 11,511,000 9,859,000 9,738,000 7,917,000 5,950,000 6,422,763 6,049,407 5,092,451 2,796,505 2,120,127 1,952,064 1,896,833 1,988,457 1,552,429 1,181,735 1,176,980 1,894,014  1,357,134 1,233,181 1,584,466  1,382,191 2,577,094   1,708,718 1,581,775 2,350,738 1,105,390 1,236,707 1,684,672 2,720,915 2,237,888 3,239,207 5,559,998 3,706,400 1,938,704 1,222,800 1,295,956 1,524,004 1,610,183 1,263,871 1,260,982 1,230,713 1,721,255 1,887,340 1,533,517 1,253,510 903,659 1,212,534 2,467,342 2,639,630 1,269,736 
        less common stock in treasury: 19,831,594 as of september 30, 2024 and 19,169,366 as of december 31, 2023
            -107,945,000                                                                                      
        less common stock in treasury: 19,360,457 at june 30, 2024 and 19,169,366 at december 31, 2023
             -106,870,000                                                                                     
        less common stock in treasury: 19,242,215 at march 31, 2024 and 19,169,366 at december 31, 2023
              -106,546,000                                                                                    
        available-for-sale securities, at fair value
                388,768,000   1,332,943,000 819,440,000 715,906,000 799,228,000 1,240,265,000 752,766,000 1,242,721,000 405,260,000                                                                        
        equity securities
                67,823,000 67,753,000 139,911,000 134,836,000 130,121,000 134,342,000 147,826,000 147,995,000 147,649,000 120,302,000                                                                         
        goodwill
                248,023,000 249,965,000 249,871,000 248,607,000 230,719,000 235,026,000 232,031,000 220,436,000 71,856,000 72,083,000 71,964,000 72,387,000 71,962,000 70,402,000 8,673,000 8,842,000 8,606,000 8,961,000 8,886,000 9,023,000 9,157,000 9,210,000 9,714,000 9,445,000 9,314,000 9,006,000 8,422,000 8,291,000 8,838,000 8,755,000 8,827,000 8,310,000                          49,361,315 50,185,530 49,820,253 51,399,497 49,424,406 46,875,945 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,388,980 10,308,643 10,459,793 8,730,229   
        common stock, 0.01 par value per share...
               6,254,000 6,243,000 6,201,000 6,120,000 6,084,000 5,988,000 5,958,000 5,952,000 5,947,000 5,930,000 5,868,000 5,823,000 4,740,000 4,061,000 3,482,000 3,222,000 3,186,000 2,540,000 2,470,000 2,445,000 2,342,000 2,326,000 2,297,000 2,292,000 2,291,000 2,282,000 2,253,000 1,918,000 1,917,000 1,810,000 1,808,000 1,807,000 1,803,000 1,738,000 1,737,936 1,734,806                       884,567   878,829 878,012 875,543 868,450 867,952 866,125 865,047 860,028 858,353 857,135 736,109 734,562 733,509 732,264 731,411 730,230 728,506 609,833 609,316 600,623 509,971 508,615 
        less common stock in treasury: 19,169,366 at december 31, 2023 and 18,076,127 at december 31, 2022
               -106,268,000                                                                                   
        less common stock in treasury: 18,879,367 at september 30, 2023 and 18,076,127 at december 31, 2022
                -104,183,000                                                                                  
        available-for-sale securities, at fair value (amortized cost of 452,814 and allowance for credit losses of 0 at june 30, 2023 and amortized cost of 1,355,614 and allowance for credit losses of 0 at december 31, 2022
                 437,651,000                                                                                 
        less common stock in treasury: 18,285,263 at june 30, 2023 and 18,076,127 at december 31, 2022
                 -99,215,000                                                                                 
        available-for-sale securities, at fair value (amortized cost of 1,045,731 and allowance for credit losses of 0 at march 31, 2023 and amortized cost of 1,355,614 and allowance for credit losses of 0 at december 31, 2022
                  1,028,371,000                                                                                
        less common stock in treasury: 18,245,914 at march 31, 2023 and 18,076,127 at december 31, 2022
                  -98,851,000                                                                                
        property, plant and equipment
                   719,793,000                                        8,084,985 8,686,840 8,970,279 9,506,063 10,310,219 9,838,631 12,547,582 14,000,257 14,047,627 14,342,740 15,185,702 15,837,775 16,798,309 17,769,974 19,106,874 20,208,304 20,748,586 21,064,795 20,980,537 21,198,453 17,831,695 18,048,254 18,654,981 18,830,220 19,395,668 19,826,111 21,002,300 21,103,934 21,600,713 21,829,254 22,424,470 22,981,620 23,682,023 24,122,266 24,590,752 25,373,655 26,597,174 26,320,676 27,536,546 
        less common stock in treasury: 18,076,127 at december 31, 2022 and 17,074,710 at december 31, 2021
                   -96,261,000                                                                               
        less common stock in treasury: 18,015,881 at september 30, 2022 and 17,074,710 at december 31, 2021
                    -95,337,000                                                                              
        less common stock in treasury: 17,210,049 at june 30, 2022 and 17,074,710 at december 31, 2021
                     -75,186,000                                                                             
        loss accrual for service contracts and other current liabilities
                      34,282,000 39,800,000                                                                           
        loss accrual for service contracts and other liabilities
                      176,242,000 139,797,000                                                                           
        less common stock in treasury: 17,146,337 at march 31, 2022 and 17,074,710 at december 31, 2021
                      -73,991,000                                                                            
        liabilities and stockholders' equity
                                                                                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 17,074,710 at december 31, 2021 and 15,926,068 at december 31, 2020
                       -72,526,000                                                                           
        deferred revenue
                        35,463,000 27,004,000 16,948,000 23,275,000 17,226,000 14,902,000 11,557,000 11,691,000 11,480,000 11,730,000 11,736,000 12,055,000 10,996,000 10,410,000 9,084,000 8,630,000 8,262,000 5,050,000 4,777,000 5,736,000 4,227,000 4,106,000 3,947,000 3,805,000 3,494,000 2,701,200 4,180,848 4,439,673 3,614,686 3,387,383 2,785,558 2,779,077 2,950,375 4,175,560 4,037,961 6,983,501 5,542,004  3,748,253 3,965,560 4,349,749  4,434,371 5,387,022   3,834,752 4,547,661 5,425,270 3,881,696 4,442,768 3,717,403 3,341,341 4,166,864 3,630,309 3,856,821 2,692,320 3,161,120 3,935,396 3,250,079 3,148,048 3,408,073 4,724,720 5,209,372 5,675,227 6,458,294 6,531,393 4,692,582 5,184,932 4,550,828 4,308,203 4,565,485 5,878,784 5,370,364 
        other current liabilities
                        28,329,000 31,750,000 24,997,000 29,487,000 17,280,000 21,692,000 10,423,000 8,543,000 10,238,000 3,017,000 2,271,000 560,000 247,000 309,000 1,033,000 866,000 1,330,000 995,000 1,128,000 1,615,000 1,734,000 368,000 376,000 3,957,000 2,199,000 2,137,736 1,950,519 776,847 826,924 1,079,673 1,382,000 1,065,125  334,085 544,685 650,300 80,000  70,698 1,125,360 1,901,372  339,109 234,671   475,188 363,305 413,837 2,495,441 2,038,465 1,919,512 1,423,188 402,496 252,919                    
        other liabilities
                        55,113,000 42,973,000 40,429,000 40,447,000 27,068,000 11,756,000 13,000 13,000 13,000 13,000 17,000 18,000 18,000 18,000 19,000 94,000 119,000 261,000 245,000 241,000 257,000 254,000 385,000 381,000   408,847 1,201,656 740,075 794,662 1,182,667 1,222,711 1,247,833 1,264,621 1,213,509 1,247,335 1,219,602  1,273,575 1,279,171 1,243,728  1,282,067 1,313,411   1,191,031 1,108,822 1,140,312 393,401 165,629 172,180 191,540 1,349,492 1,269,776 1,126,812 1,112,427 1,098,042 1,083,657 1,069,273 1,054,888 1,040,503 1,026,118 1,011,734 997,349 982,964 968,580 954,195 939,810 925,425 911,041 896,656 882,271 767,193 
        accumulated other comprehensive gain
                        -2,338,000                                                                          
        less common stock in treasury: 17,032,648 at september 30, 2021 and 15,926,068 at december 31, 2020
                        -71,168,000                                                                          
        less common stock in treasury: 15,926,068 at both june 30, 2021 and december 31, 2020
                         -40,434,000                                                                         
        less common stock in treasury: 15,926,068 at both march 31, 2021 and december 31, 2020
                          -40,434,000                                                                        
        ​
                                                                                                  
        liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity
                                                                                                  
        redeemable preferred stock:
                                                                                                  
        series c redeemable convertible preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                              709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 709,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,153,000 1,152,720 1,152,720                                                
        series e convertible preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                                                                                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 15,926,068 at december 31, 2020 and 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019
                           -40,434,000                                                                       
        total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity
                           2,251,282,000 1,500,629,000 1,030,314,000 748,544,000 771,184,000    390,326,000 319,278,000 276,227,000 298,306,000 270,810,000 275,683,000 228,580,000 210,724,000 240,832,000 223,985,000 233,403,000 222,169,000 204,618,000 182,954,000 189,265,958 211,807,521 221,108,005                                               
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 20,661 and 17,417, respectively
                            64,820,000                                                                      
        leased property
                            309,475,000 274,721,000 252,802,000 244,740,000 202,034,000 170,455,000 141,889,000 146,751,000    87,065,000    54,060,000                                                       
        series e redeemable preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                                                                                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 15,926,068 at september 30, 2020 and 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019
                            -40,434,000                                                                      
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 19,203 and 17,417, respectively
                             60,018,000                                                                     
        less common stock in treasury: 15,292,591 at june 30, 2020 and 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019
                             -31,359,000                                                                     
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 18,292 and 17,417, respectively
                              16,591,000                                                                    
        series e redeemable convertible preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                               441,000 25,746,000 30,926,000 30,931,000 30,934,000                                                               
        less common stock in treasury: 15,261,007 at march 31, 2020 and 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019
                              -31,224,000                                                                    
        common stock warrant liability
                                98,000 525,000 2,231,000 105,000 1,083,000 2,799,000 3,133,000 4,391,000 5,657,000 3,779,000 13,667,000 11,387,000 885,000 2,860,000 4,317,000 4,793,000 6,982,000 7,649,618 15,529,387 16,129,113 25,742,408 12,895,564 4,689,135 4,574,655 475,825 1,594,323 3,029,189 4,082,240 5,320,990                                      
        less common stock in treasury: 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019 and 15,002,663 at december 31, 2018
                               -31,216,000                                                                   
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 16,477 and 14,403, respectively
                                14,990,000                                                                  
        liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ (deficit) equity
                                                                                                  
        stockholders’ (deficit) equity:
                                                                                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 15,259,045 at september 30, 2019 and 15,002,663 at december 31, 2018
                                -31,216,000                                                                  
        total stockholders’ (deficit) equity
                                -14,406,000 -10,655,000 -1,180,000                                                                
        total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ (deficit) equity
                                556,009,000 456,994,000 396,199,000                                                                
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 15,882 and 14,403, respectively
                                 14,228,000                                                                 
        less common stock in treasury: 15,020,437 at june 30, 2019 and 15,002,663 at december 31, 2018
                                 -30,681,000                                                                 
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 15,125 and 14,403, respectively
                                  13,615,000                                                                
        less common stock in treasury: 15,002,663 at march 31, 2019 and december 31, 2018
                                  -30,637,000                                                                
        less common stock in treasury: 15,002,663 at december 31, 2018 and 587,151 at december 31, 2017
                                   -30,637,000                                                               
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 33,401 and 31,588, respectively
                                    13,155,000                                                              
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 8,826 and 11,812, respectively
                                    130,015,000                                                              
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 2,203 and 1,735, respectively
                                    4,058,000                                                              
        less common stock in treasury: 15,002,663 at september 30, 2018 and 587,151 at december 31, 2017
                                    -30,637,000                                                              
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 32,801 and 31,588, respectively
                                     11,544,000                                                             
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 16,394 and 11,812, respectively
                                     95,621,000                                                             
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 2,036 and 1,735, respectively
                                     4,250,000                                                             
        less common stock in treasury: 15,002,663 at june 30, 2018 and 587,151 at december 31, 2017
                                     -30,637,000                                                             
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 32,193 and 31,588, respectively
                                      10,835,000                                                            
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 13,987 and 11,812, respectively
                                      88,167,000                                                            
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 1,925 and 1,735, respectively
                                      3,724,000                                                            
        less common stock in treasury: 14,985,057 at march 31, 2018 and 587,151 at december 31, 2017
                                      -30,602,000                                                            
        accrual for loss contracts related to service
                                           752,000 2,600,000 2,400,000 3,400,000                                                    
        series d redeemable convertible preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                                          7,778,000 8,469,000                                                       
        less common stock in treasury: 587,151 at december 31, 2017 and 582,328 at december 31, 2016
                                       -3,102,000                                                           
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 31,075 and 29,666, respectively
                                        8,657,000                                                          
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 9,731 and 4,544, respectively
                                        75,344,000                                                          
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 1,565 and 1,032, respectively
                                        3,892,000                                                          
        redeemable preferred stock
                                                                                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 582,328 at september 30, 2017 and december 31, 2016
                                        -3,091,000                                                          
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 30,594 and 29,666, respectively
                                         8,375,000                                                         
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 7,799 and 4,544, respectively
                                         70,293,000                                                         
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 1,382 and 1,032, respectively
                                         3,926,000                                                         
        less common stock in treasury: 582,328 at june 30, 2017 and december 31, 2016
                                         -3,091,000                                                         
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 30,129 and 29,666, respectively
                                          8,086,000                                                        
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 6,083 and 4,544, respectively
                                          61,857,000                                                        
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 1,185 and 1,032, respectively
                                          3,844,000                                                        
        less common stock in treasury: 582,328 at march 31, 2017 and december 31, 2016
                                          -3,091,000                                                        
        less common stock in treasury: 582,328 at december 31, 2016 and 479,953 at december 31, 2015
                                           -3,091,000                                                       
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 29,204 and 27,970, respectively
                                            8,485,000                                                      
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 3,280 and 1,700, respectively
                                            42,622,000                                                      
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 921 and 469, respectively
                                            4,308,000                                                      
        less common stock in treasury: 577,376 at september 30, 2016 and 479,953 december 31, 2015
                                            -3,084,000                                                      
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 28,762 and 27,970, respectively
                                             8,948,000                                                     
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 2,351 and 1,700, respectively
                                             27,247,000                                                     
        note receivable
                                             350,000 367,000 399,000 415,000 431,489 463,212 478,903 494,480 525,298 540,541 555,673 570,697 585,611 600,419                                        
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 768 and 469, respectively
                                             4,420,000                                                     
        product warranty reserve
                                             379,000 486,000 725,000 1,006,000 1,227,369 1,306,520 1,426,530 1,478,171 1,413,225 1,566,510 1,872,893 2,671,409 2,968,613 1,020,010 1,091,147 1,210,909  971,100 991,739 862,480                                  
        less common stock in treasury: 479,953 at june 30, 2016 and december 31, 2015
                                             -2,909,000                                                     
        cash and cash equivalents, see notes 1 and 7
                                              66,882,000                                                    
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 28,351 and 27,970, respectively
                                              8,750,000                                                    
        leased property, net of accumulated depreciation of 1,877 and 1,700, respectively
                                              13,237,000                                                    
        intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of 626 and 469, respectively
                                              4,656,000                                                    
        short-term borrowing
                                              23,961,000                                                    
        less common stock in treasury: 479,953 at march 31, 2016 and december 31, 2015
                                              -2,909,000                                                    
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 27,603 and 26,539, respectively
                                               7,888,000                                                   
        leased property under capital lease, net of accumulated depreciation of 1,550 and 1,162, respectively
                                               1,549,000                                                   
        obligations under capital lease
                                                200,000 396,061 773,045 754,197 735,809 700,367 683,292 666,633 650,379                                          
        less common stock in treasury:
                                                                                                  
        378,116 at september 30, 2015 and at december 31, 2014
                                                                                                  
        property, plant, and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of 27,218 and 26,539, respectively
                                                5,989,000                                                  
        leased property under capital lease, net of accumulated depreciation of 1,420 and 1,162, respectively
                                                1,679,000                                                  
        finance obligation
                                                2,391,000 2,408,294 2,443,289 2,460,085 2,476,430 2,507,800 2,522,845 2,544,331                                           
        378,116 at june 30, 2015 and at december 31, 2014
                                                                                                  
        leased property under capital lease
                                                 1,807,703 2,065,947 2,195,069 2,324,191 2,582,434   2,969,799                                          
        378,116 at march 31, 2015 and at december 31, 2014
                                                                                                  
        stockholders’ equity
                                                                                                  
        362,227 shares at september 30, 2014 and 165,906 at december 31, 2013
                                                                                                  
        (aggregate involuntary liquidation preference 51,788,319) 10,431 shares authorized;
                                                                                                  
        issued and outstanding: 10,431 at june 30, 2014 and december 31, 2013
                                                   2,371,080                                               
        issued
                                                                                                  
        167,434,369 at june 30, 2014 and 106,356,558 at december 31, 2013
                                                   1,674,344                                               
        282,331 shares at june 30, 2014 and 165,906 at december 31, 2013
                                                   -2,121,812                                               
        liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders' equity
                                                                                                  
        stockholders' equity
                                                                                                  
        borrowings under line of credit
                                                        3,380,835 1,000,000   5,405,110      25,450,000 51,125,000   62,750,000 62,875,000                           
        stockholders' equity:
                                                                                                  
        property, plant, and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of 27,811,181 at june 30, 2013
                                                                                                  
        leased property under capital lease (net of accumulated depreciation of 387,365 at june 30, 2013
                                                                                                  
        property, plant, and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of 27,810,527 at march 31, 2013
                                                                                                  
        leased property under capital lease (net of accumulated depreciation of 258,243 at march 31, 2013
                                                                                                  
        property, plant, and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of 26,913,460
                                                                                                  
        property, plant and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of 26,429,781
                                                                                                  
        available-for-sale securities
                                                                10,403,315  32,009,015 41,990,705   54,969,470 72,717,155 23,843,950 96,761,583 103,238,520 95,013,003 153,623,670 162,237,679 162,622,552 178,416,212 242,223,202                  
        assets held for sale
                                                               1,000,000 1,000,000                                  
        investment in leased property
                                                                263,239 2,338,556 2,407,373 2,477,607 2,255,772 2,317,498 2,380,060 2,461,526                           
        current portion long term debt
                                                                9,956  379,471 401,861   289,817 284,638                           
        less common stock in treasury, at cost:
                                                                                                  
        warrant liability
                                                              6,977,623                                    
        trading securities - auction rate debt securities
                                                                  22,607,210 45,813,097   56,089,408 55,700,648 52,650,654                          
        auction rate debt securities repurchase agreement
                                                                  2,842,790 5,311,903   6,660,592 7,174,352 10,224,346                          
        long term debt
                                                                  981,908 1,061,894   1,293,383 1,367,807                           
        deficit accumulated during the development stage
                                                                   -692,553,522   -658,069,342 -647,819,834 -639,662,385 -575,367,064 -561,556,806 -538,690,047 -517,962,361 -500,477,508 -485,301,262 -468,574,552 -457,391,545 -444,109,675 -432,232,880 -419,207,877 -407,081,958 -390,628,923 -378,761,086 -367,873,649 -355,338,496 -343,534,065 -331,850,746 -320,551,757 -308,599,669 -294,560,164 -282,154,653 -269,327,762 -255,560,867 -242,841,792 
        repayable government assistance
                                                                      237,736 199,877 173,138 296,581 4,350,616 4,242,909 4,388,374 4,363,233 4,024,564                    
        borrowings under line of credit
                                                                        62,875,000                          
        class b capital stock, a class of preferred stock, 0.01 par value per
                                                                                                  
        share; 5,000,000 shares authorized;
                                                                                                  
        accounts receivables
                                                                         3,090,520 5,689,976 4,104,029 4,337,856 3,280,303 1,704,576 2,203,336 892,641                  
        government assistance receivable
                                                                         200,027 205,507 223,168 270,600 292,566 919,056                    
        class b capital stock, a class of preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                                                                         3,950  3,950 3,950 3,950 3,950 3,950 3,950                  
        less common stock in treasury: 229,011 shares at september 30, 2008 and 0 shares at december 31, 2007
                                                                         -587,793                         
        share; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 395,000 shares issued and outstanding
                                                                                                  
        at june 30, 2008 and december 31, 2007
                                                                          3,950                        
        88,272,971 at june 30, 2008 and 87,882,922 at december 31, 2007
                                                                          882,730                        
        160,014 shares at june 30, 2008 and 0 shares at december 31, 2007
                                                                          -438,347                        
        total stockholders' equity
                                                                          206,260,898                        
        total liabilities and stockholders' equity
                                                                          226,278,873                        
        88,164,766 at march 31, 2008 and 87,882,922 at december 31, 2007
                                                                           881,648                       
        33,327 shares at march 31, 2008 and 0 shares at december 31, 2007
                                                                           -108,636                       
        due to broker for security purchase
                                                                                5,000,000                  
        current portion of capital lease obligation and long-term debt
                                                                                 385,000 432,269 479,538 526,806 376,743 393,996 410,824 427,238 411,506 409,333 402,757 345,000 325,885 343,308 344,582 329,706 316,726 
        marketable securities
                                                                                 235,421,645 155,144,000 67,658,904 75,685,634 54,820,787 29,771,253 30,321,688 47,872,662 37,968,772 42,255,521 33,585,180 13,318,850 12,705,864 16,828,085 22,847,333 28,590,378 25,768,135 
        preferred stock, 0.01 par value per share...
                                                                                 3,950 3,950                
        intangible asset
                                                                                        687,500 1,375,000 2,062,500 2,750,000 3,437,500 4,125,000 4,812,500 5,500,000 514,847 1,287,139 
        investment in affiliate
                                                                                     4,438,355 4,886,629 5,334,903 5,785,358 6,238,408 6,689,550 7,123,073  8,046,834     
        unamortized value of restricted stock
                                                                                      -107,456 -346,611 -680,459 -1,112,481 -1,439,251 -1,840,909 -2,242,573      
        prepaid development costs
                                                                                           350,000 708,481 1,036,276 1,373,217 1,780,504 2,145,265 2,574,505 
        capital lease obligation
                                                                                         11,743 32,875 51,340      885 
        paid-in capital
                                                                                           455,703,368  395,377,834 395,132,572 393,930,394 347,747,664 346,987,838 
        investment in affiliates
                                                                                            7,588,891  8,523,674 9,003,561 9,488,762 9,953,949 
        commitments and contingencies
                                                                                                  
        deferred grant revenue
                                                                                             50,000 100,000 150,000  250,000 
      Cashflow Statements:
      Quarterly
      Annual
        Unit: USD2026-03-31 2025-09-30 2025-06-30 2025-03-31 2024-12-31 2024-09-30 2024-06-30 2024-03-31 2023-12-31 2023-09-30 2023-06-30 2023-03-31 2022-12-31 2022-09-30 2022-06-30 2022-03-31 2021-12-31 2021-09-30 2021-06-30 2021-03-31 2020-12-31 2020-09-30 2020-06-30 2020-03-31 2019-12-31 2019-09-30 2019-06-30 2019-03-31 2018-12-31 2018-09-30 2018-06-30 2018-03-31 2017-12-31 2017-09-30 2017-06-30 2017-03-31 2016-12-31 2016-09-30 2016-06-30 2016-03-31 2015-09-30 2015-06-30 2015-03-31 2014-09-30 2014-06-30 2014-03-31 2013-12-31 2013-09-30 2013-06-30 2013-03-31 2012-12-31 2012-09-30 2012-06-30 2012-03-31 2011-12-31 2011-09-30 2010-06-30 2010-03-31 2009-09-30 2009-06-30 2009-03-31 2008-12-31 2008-09-30 2008-06-30 2008-03-31 2007-12-31 2007-09-30 2007-06-30 2007-03-31 2006-12-31 2006-09-30 2006-06-30 2006-03-31 2005-12-31 2005-09-30 2005-06-30 2005-03-31 2004-12-31 2004-09-30 2004-06-30 2004-03-31 2003-12-31 2003-09-30 2003-06-30 2003-03-31 2002-12-31 
                                                                                              
          operating activities
                                                                                              
          net loss
        -246,037,000 -363,505,000 -228,727,000 -196,859,000 -1,335,628,000 -211,168,000 -262,333,000 -295,776,000 -642,395,000 -283,479,000 -236,398,000 -206,561,000 -223,465,000 -170,758,000 -173,296,000 -156,489,000                                  -8,576,379 -8,474,334 -10,325,464 -6,479,554 -6,583,102 -7,167,540 -6,290,546 -16,892,120 -12,182,585 -10,170,736 -10,249,508 -8,157,449 -64,295,321 -13,810,258 -22,866,759 -20,727,686 -17,484,853 -15,176,246 -16,726,710 -11,183,007 -13,281,870 -11,876,795 -13,025,003 -12,125,919 -16,453,035 -11,867,837 -10,887,437 -12,535,153 -11,804,431 -11,683,319 -11,298,989 -11,952,088 -14,039,505 -12,405,511 -12,826,891 -13,766,895 -12,719,075 
          adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash from operating activities:
                                                                                              
          depreciation of long-lived assets
        6,312,000 8,122,000 12,776,000 12,134,000 9,476,000 17,036,000 17,997,000 16,606,000 14,176,000 16,544,000 11,477,000 9,789,000 10,201,000 8,997,000 8,362,000 2,842,000 -15,882,100 6,178,000 4,211,000 5,514,000                                                                   
          amortization of intangible assets
        908,000 2,011,000 2,001,000 2,007,000 9,247,000 4,760,000 4,709,000 4,725,000 4,939,000 4,403,000 4,796,000 4,959,000 5,957,000 4,864,000 5,184,000 5,190,000 -1,092,531 365,000 366,000 364,000 300,000 437,000 223,000 175,000 180,000 180,000 163,000 175,000 182,000 176,000 177,000 158,000 150,000 153,000 147,000 143,000 147,000 148,000 150,000 145,000 113,000 113,556 608,444 608,444             566,880 562,175       575,002 585,939 571,914                    
          lower of cost or net realizable value inventory adjustments and provision for excess and obsolete inventory
        7,271,000  12,904,000 8,262,000                                                                                   
          stock-based compensation
        13,938,000 12,237,000 13,080,000 11,087,000 18,083,000 24,107,000 26,309,000 13,704,000 33,834,000 45,854,000 39,918,000 43,302,000 44,643,000 46,739,000 44,859,000 43,386,000 -34,736,530 13,998,000 11,120,000 9,695,000 7,877,000 3,070,000 3,143,000 3,045,000 2,963,000 2,804,000 2,626,000 2,497,000 2,382,000 2,064,000 2,320,000 2,005,000 1,921,000 2,496,000 2,330,000 2,462,000 2,545,000 2,368,000 2,160,000 2,217,000 2,400,000 1,737,870 1,697,130 1,148,267             386,799 505,611 619,897 691,696 469,122 4,443,419 1,730,424 1,196,905 1,219,825  1,412,440 1,283,923 1,388,930 427,194 1,032,446                
          loss on extinguishment of convertible debt instruments and finance obligations
        -1,805,000                                                                                      
          provision for losses on accounts receivable
        2,394,000        7,459,000 52,000                                                                             
          amortization of discount/(premium) of debt issuance costs on convertible debt instruments and long-term debt
        997,000                                                                                      
          provision for common stock warrants
        4,561,000 10,866,000 9,475,000 9,124,000 22,690,000 5,967,000 5,832,000 4,495,000 -1,528,000 -1,565,000 127,000 14,175,000  8,571,000 2,090,000 1,852,000 -4,739,434 1,294,000 1,747,000 1,705,000  17,215,000 5,417,000 2,566,000 -3,731,000 4,582,000 1,483,000 4,179,000 2,258,000 2,126,000 3,921,000 1,885,000 1,790,000 26,057,000                                                     
          impairment
        3,856,000 97,524,000 20,599,000 1,064,000 940,909,000 4,185,000 3,937,000 284,000 8,280,000 665,000                                                                             
          recovery on service contracts
        -14,685,000                                                                                      
          change in fair value of contingent consideration
        280,000 -1,129,000 -168,000 -11,819,000                                                                                   
          change in fair value of convertible debt instruments
        70,782,000                                                                                      
          change in fair value of warrant liabilities
        54,640,000                                                                                      
          loss on equity method investments
        470,000 3,262,000 45,850,000 2,370,000 3,134,000 8,690,000 7,240,000 13,113,000 21,816,000 7,030,000 7,623,000 5,317,000 9,862,000 4,280,000 2,191,000 3,833,000 -1,730,296                                                                      
          changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide/(use) cash:
                                                                                              
          accounts receivable
        25,853,000 2,041,000 1,578,000 12,251,000 -20,394,000 22,786,000 -41,175,000 96,436,000 -88,083,000 53,406,000 -89,821,000 1,730,000 -28,940,000 -33,970,000 -4,180,000 36,170,000 89,301,399 -41,011,000 -48,427,000 109,000 70,303,000 -67,611,000 -19,404,000 1,011,000 -1,056,000 1,854,000 4,870,000 4,978,000 -5,008,000 6,788,000 -8,523,000 -7,655,000 37,538,000 -37,601,000 -8,366,000 5,021,000 83,000 671,000 -1,993,000 11,966,000  -4,752,925 8,323,925              -391,103 -684,145 -195,565 379,173 399,822 1,086,600 2,574,267 -1,582,390 203,246 -1,073,674 -1,577,206 644,787 -1,310,695 300,274 353,835 -316,389 250,938 181,004 -574,580 801,605 1,064,483 735,953 853,462 -1,893,805 622,536 -210,344 -310,175 953,067 624,495 -758,628 
          inventory
        -6,860,000 16,165,000 34,713,000 -18,357,000 98,423,000 42,793,000 26,387,000 -38,312,000 3,106,000 -142,030,000 -140,135,000 -129,572,000 -117,939,000 -86,325,000 -95,743,000 -63,702,000 90,329,209 -19,840,000 -23,797,000 -46,791,000 -5,671,000 -19,735,000 -17,402,000 -20,581,000 8,210,000 -7,411,000 -7,716,000 -17,564,000 6,487,000 6,066,000 5,060,000 1,428,000 -4,089,000 -1,984,000 -8,977,000 -3,786,000 5,854,000 -866,000 4,222,000 -6,398,000                 -3,399,905 -351,707 -172,487 95,273 -578,997 1,240,263 -2,359,518 1,404,845 -806,843 1,162,413 -461,539 1,171,698 -1,216,819 -845,388 44,087 471,195 -536,089 -75,669 696,345 -968,347 -817,704 73,730 -14,623 319,781 -1,242,287 135,923 -226,563 -86,599 -99,934 -188,356 
          contract assets
        1,561,000 1,264,000 -5,790,000 580,000 12,356,000 -11,952,000 -4,253,000 1,356,000 -1,218,000 -15,233,000 -9,130,000 -14,677,000 -32,488,000 -6,641,000 -430,000 44,000                                                                       
          prepaid expenses and other assets
        -9,337,000 -10,134,000 1,115,000 40,576,000 11,660,000 -21,971,000 -6,368,000 -14,496,000 38,972,000 -15,601,000 14,700,000 -5,522,000 -9,864,000 -31,003,000 -24,547,000 -27,107,000          887,000    -284,000 180,000 1,376,000 -3,546,000 -656,000 -1,503,000 1,569,000 -284,000 -993,000 -724,000 -1,832,000                                               
          accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
        -43,343,000 84,727,000 -51,655,000 47,578,000 -30,281,000 -13,365,000 -41,573,000 25,755,000 501,000 21,941,000 -14,541,000 13,821,000 -24,494,000 74,289,000 63,759,000 -25,096,000 -28,967,092 24,945,000 27,563,000 -23,516,000 16,132,000 31,049,000 7,632,000 -2,933,000 6,586,000 12,061,000 4,013,000 -2,781,000 -2,657,000 -924,000 -4,619,000 -2,066,000 4,906,000 13,270,000 838,000 -7,584,000 3,268,000                                                  
          payments of contingent consideration
        -1,918,000 -2,317,000 -6,024,000 -708,000 -52,000 -9,164,000 -895,000 -2,000,000 -2,667,000                                                                       
          payments of operating lease liabilities
        -17,523,000                                                                                      
          deferred revenue and other contract liabilities
        -2,356,000 -32,043,000 -33,241,000 -21,697,000 10,751,000 -53,972,000 -9,956,000 -32,500,000 34,705,000 1,861,000 31,586,000 -9,748,000 34,560,000 61,660,000 -27,591,000 -28,014,000                                                                       
          net cash from operating activities
        -150,041,000 -89,814,000 -191,810,000 -105,568,000 -131,241,000 -174,936,000 -254,738,000 -167,728,000 -242,651,000 -238,908,000 -348,092,000 -276,919,000 -306,574,000 -116,936,000 -195,194,000 -209,919,000 348,142,824 -101,866,000 -129,536,000 -117,099,000 1,434,000 -45,663,000 -51,232,000 -60,015,000 279,000 -3,313,000 -12,225,000 -36,263,000 -15,975,000 3,537,000 -21,151,000 -24,028,000 21,112,000 -22,959,000 -34,476,000 -23,859,000 33,000 -13,908,000 -8,845,000 -6,916,000                 -13,500,232 -11,003,515 -8,485,575 -8,488,590 -12,807,283 -13,924,581 -10,787,560 -16,391,612 -15,492,715 -13,382,416 -10,538,090 -14,622,886 -10,767,370 -13,320,089 -11,238,652 -10,480,739 -11,067,632 -9,782,714 -10,708,695 -9,209,444 -10,168,219 -8,064,173 -7,282,538 -9,904,068 -8,645,476 -10,384,861 -8,314,116 -10,834,318 -8,483,485 -10,826,448 
          capital expenditures
        -8,114,000 -30,100,000 -40,419,000 -46,059,000 -39,587,000 -89,716,000 -106,252,000 -98,693,000 -186,002,000 -171,493,000 -158,677,000 -179,954,000 -123,535,000 -167,232,000 -87,916,000 -85,190,000 109,091,662 -68,624,000 -27,449,000 -13,211,000 -11,261,000 -6,256,000 -2,502,000 -2,507,000 -1,048,000 -1,791,000 -1,376,000 -1,468,000 -1,874,000 -925,000 -1,317,000 -1,026,000 -2,270,000 -763,000 -754,000 -303,000 -279,000 61,000 -636,000 -1,889,000                 -828,996 -385,996 -22,002 -9,513 -14,809 -176,836 -133,262 -538,390 -570,153 -827,135 -939,022 -635,831 -542,417 -160,000 -594,066 -188,267 -332,461 630,577 -689,268 -364,606 -576,285 -445,030 -463,664 -308,992 -398,839 -337,794 -152,190 -88,229 -49,135 238,374 
          free cash flows
        -158,155,000 -119,914,000 -232,229,000 -151,627,000 -170,828,000 -264,652,000 -360,990,000 -266,421,000 -428,653,000 -410,401,000 -506,769,000 -456,873,000 -430,109,000 -284,168,000 -283,110,000 -295,109,000 457,234,486 -170,490,000 -156,985,000 -130,310,000 -9,827,000 -51,919,000 -53,734,000 -62,522,000 -769,000 -5,104,000 -13,601,000 -37,731,000 -17,849,000 2,612,000 -22,468,000 -25,054,000 18,842,000 -23,722,000 -35,230,000 -24,162,000 -246,000 -13,847,000 -9,481,000 -8,805,000                 -14,329,228 -11,389,511 -8,507,577 -8,498,103 -12,822,092 -14,101,417 -10,920,822 -16,930,002 -16,062,868 -14,209,551 -11,477,112 -15,258,717 -11,309,787 -13,480,089 -11,832,718 -10,669,006 -11,400,093 -9,152,137 -11,397,963 -9,574,050 -10,744,504 -8,509,203 -7,746,202 -10,213,060 -9,044,315 -10,722,655 -8,466,306 -10,922,547 -8,532,620 -10,588,074 
          investing activities
                                                                                              
          purchases of property, plant and equipment
        -2,407,000 -27,705,000 -38,618,000 -40,451,000 -33,950,000 -59,225,000 -101,302,000 -92,621,000 -181,178,000 -164,708,000 -150,757,000 -168,565,000 -119,057,000 -159,715,000 -79,444,000 -78,394,000 91,211,834 -58,322,000 -23,183,000 -9,879,000 -11,261,000 -6,256,000 -2,502,000 -2,507,000 -1,048,000 -1,791,000 -1,376,000 -1,468,000 -1,874,000 -925,000 -1,317,000 -1,026,000 -2,270,000 -763,000 -754,000 -303,000 -279,000 61,000 -636,000 -1,889,000                                               
          purchases of equipment related to power purchase agreements and equipment related to fuel delivered to customers
        -5,707,000 -2,395,000 -1,801,000 -5,608,000 -5,637,000 -30,491,000 -4,950,000 -6,072,000 -4,824,000 -6,785,000 -7,920,000 -11,389,000 -4,478,000 -7,517,000 -8,472,000 -6,796,000 17,879,828 -10,302,000 -4,266,000 -3,332,000                                                                   
          cash paid for non-consolidated entities and non-marketable securities
        -367,000                                                                                      
          net cash from investing activities
        -8,481,000 -30,392,000 -40,743,000 -46,573,000 -43,835,000 -89,871,000 -148,074,000 -120,584,000 267,564,000 -144,999,000 509,691,000 95,796,000 -658,721,000 -286,016,000 -8,547,000 273,914,000 1,012,553,109 390,923,000 -986,838,000 -418,379,000 -23,619,000 -15,164,000 -50,196,000 -6,355,000 -5,273,000 -2,655,000 -4,042,000 -2,274,000 -2,044,000 -1,168,000 -12,057,000 -4,303,000 -16,072,000 -7,746,000 -10,906,000 -9,639,000 -12,937,000 -16,296,000 -15,206,000 -13,636,000                 34,854,772 13,499,272 10,598,071 17,844,829 -53,190,885 15,185,708 5,721,641 -10,417,642 55,166,647 7,137,225 -223,247 -30,657,749 56,821,892 -3,141,304 -80,678,566 -87,646,490 7,840,637 -20,191,211 -25,708,548 288,709 17,028,767 -10,480,057 3,999,921 -9,507,423 -20,665,169 -950,780     
          financing activities
                                                                                              
          proceeds from public and private offerings, net of transaction costs
         75,756,000 139,000 276,053,000 64,623,000 221,129,000 266,774,000 305,346,000         -3,584,242,167 5,000 3,587,825,000                                                                   
          payments of tax withholding on behalf of employees for net stock settlement of stock-based compensation
        -37,000 -498,000 -158,000 -49,000 -850,000 -1,075,000 -324,000 -278,000 -2,085,000 -4,968,000 -364,000 -2,590,000 -924,000 -20,151,000 -1,195,000 -1,465,000 30,701,908                                                                      
          proceeds from exercise of stock options
        90,000    58,000 29,000 26,000 41,000 300,000 581,000 58,000 674,000 166,000 1,315,000 529,000 291,000 -5,308,480 611,000 -4,000 4,709,000 8,688,000 7,537,000 9,694,000 6,104,000 1,333,000 -321,000 124,000 81,000 46,000 25,000 17,000 50,000 57,000 3,000   83,000   35,000 -2,167 133,167                                            
          contributions by non-controlling interest
        300,000 775,000                                                                                     
          principal payments on convertible debt instruments
                                                                                              
          premium on principal of convertible debt instruments settled in cash
                                                                                              
          principal payments on long-term debt
        -346,000 -10,711,000 -344,000 -344,000 -2,800,000 -41,000 -385,000 -300,000 -300,000 -303,000 -5,077,000 -330,000 -58,595,000 -26,705,000 -16,843,000 -19,246,000 29,080,319 -13,565,000 -1,103,000 -14,461,000 -20,175,000 -6,219,000 -16,311,000 -5,315,000 -3,641,000 -3,665,000 -368,000 -17,153,000 -4,246,000 -6,223,000 -1,072,000 -4,649,000 -8,031,000 -2,983,000 -1,228,000 -50,000                     -104,540 -103,211                             
          cash paid for capitalized closing fees related to doe loan guarantee
                                                                                              
          principal repayments of finance obligations and finance leases
        -29,419,000 -23,672,000 -22,902,000 -23,373,000 -23,122,000 -22,029,000 -21,405,000 -20,908,000 -20,231,000 -19,183,000 -17,711,000 -16,500,000 -15,697,000 -13,988,000 -12,741,000 -12,427,000                                                                       
          net cash from financing activities
        -31,742,000 87,020,000 32,832,000 193,232,000 203,995,000 252,424,000 243,686,000 283,065,000 -8,330,000 -11,197,000 18,463,000 7,181,000 -36,144,000 -10,597,000 -12,475,000 -18,241,000 -3,578,164,221 -25,532,000 12,921,000 3,594,373,000 924,942,000 409,022,000 177,482,000 4,083,000 176,005,000 69,029,000 42,376,000 37,650,000 66,128,000 4,274,000 -257,000 49,199,000 11,769,000 36,444,000 35,584,000 -786,000 16,525,000 6,746,000 23,218,000 23,396,000                 -25,782,593 -8,791,664 -3,245,506 -187,833 1,188,108 60,547,400   82,324 24,384 280,320   317,515 -160,221 214,641,358 -43,677 98,270 70,731,290 340,542 182,212 196,299 -16,059 239,070 421,185 55,166,123 -39,230 194,860 12,720 152,261 
          effect of exchange rate changes on cash
        -1,706,000 5,407,000 -89,000 -5,189,000 11,595,000 -6,328,000 9,948,000 4,187,000 -9,929,000 4,269,000 -43,000 -2,096,000 -4,307,000 6,962,000 -689,000 634,000 58,198 104,000 -112,000 -51,000 155,000 -76,000 -15,000 1,000 172,000 -71,000 -13,000 -35,000 -8,000 -13,000 -82,000 46,000 62,000 128,000 123,000 35,000 -93,000 -96,000 -9,000 77,000                 -51,817 -15,892 278,075 -174,746 -36,769 -532,005 74,636 18,933 -77,877 126,381 444,994                    
          increase in cash and cash equivalents
        -145,351,000   90,151,000    37,840,000    -215,769,000 -1,057,123,000 -508,198,000 -239,663,000 14,345,000                   -9,675,000 -34,249,000   -842,000 2,921,000                  -6,311,799 -854,935    -5,075,494 -27,111,845 39,678,379 -6,094,426 -10,036,023 -44,747,001 46,054,522 -16,143,878 -92,077,439 116,514,129 -3,270,672 -29,875,655 34,314,047 -8,580,193 7,042,760 -18,347,931 -3,298,676 -19,172,421 -28,889,460 43,830,482 -4,444,656 -4,704,890 26,746,678 -12,984,056 
          decrease in restricted cash
        -46,619,000 -52,938,000 -44,702,000 -54,249,000                                                                                   
          cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
        993,984,000 1,040,709,000 1,169,144,000 1,549,344,000 3,132,194,000 -1,632,649,716 1,634,284,000 369,500,000 110,153,000                                                         
          cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period
        802,014,000 -27,779,000 -199,810,000 1,076,611,000 40,514,000 -18,711,000 -149,178,000 1,168,084,000 6,654,000 -390,835,000 180,019,000 1,373,306,000 -1,005,746,000 -406,587,000 -216,905,000 3,178,582,000 -3,850,059,806 263,629,000 -1,103,565,000 4,693,128,000 902,912,000 348,119,000 76,039,000 307,214,000 171,183,000 62,990,000 26,096,000 109,231,000 48,101,000 6,630,000                                                         
          supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 0 and 5.0 million, respectively
        8,992,000                                                                                      
          summary of non-cash activity
                                                                                              
          recognition of right of use asset - finance leases
        2,876,000      3,570,000 520,000 800,000 4,018,000 4,843,000 8,163,000 4,574,000 8,070,000 -16,932,820 5,675,000 5,994,000 5,292,000                                                                   
          recognition of right of use asset - operating leases
        1,533,000 1,450,000 12,168,000 9,428,000 14,432,000 1,431,000 2,491,000 2,913,000 13,295,000 21,172,000 33,858,000 22,470,000 59,210,000 78,660,000 20,282,000 20,070,000 -64,972,663 25,812,000 26,551,000 12,720,000                                                                   
          principal payment on convertible debenture paid in common stock
         20,000,000 30,000,000                                                                                   
          increase to other current assets due to net transfers between other current assets and long-lived assets
        39,200,000                                                                                      
          increase to inventory due to net transfers between inventory and long-lived assets
        -4,617,000                                                                                      
          accrued purchase of fixed assets, cash to be paid in subsequent period
        26,066,000 -12,322,000 -6,633,000 47,447,000 3,915,000 -33,306,000 -29,110,000 113,449,000 28,804,000 22,284,000 43,789,000 65,701,000 506,000 22,133,000 32,974,000 6,707,000                                                                       
          lower of cost or net realizable value inventory adjustments, provision for excess and obsolete inventory and other adjustments
                                                                                              
          loss on extinguishment of convertible debt instruments and debt
         5,475,000 3,652,000                                                                                   
          provision/(recoveries) for losses on accounts receivable
         13,292,000 4,632,000 40,000                                                                                   
          deferred income tax benefit
                   -947,000                                                                           
          loss on sale of long-lived assets
            366,000                                                                                  
          right of use asset impairment
                                                                                              
          lease origination costs
            -1,041,000 -1,136,000 -1,331,000 -1,935,000 -2,098,000 -2,907,000 -2,660,000 -2,824,000 -2,841,000 -1,537,000 -1,613,000 7,878,590 -3,336,000                                                                     
          change in fair value of convertible debenture
         -9,240,000 7,338,000                                                                                   
          change in fair value of debt
         2,719,000                                                                                     
          change in fair value of derivative financial instruments
            1,565,000                                                                                  
          payments of operating lease liability
         -5,925,000 -5,515,000 -5,618,000                                                                                   
          proceeds from sale of long-lived assets
                                                                                              
          cash paid for non-consolidated entities and non-marketable equity securities
         -292,000 -324,000 -514,000 -4,248,000 -655,000 -41,822,000 -21,891,000 -5,790,000 -25,917,000 -817,000 -40,077,000 50,000 -8,435,000 2,114,000 -32,253,000                                                                       
          principal payments on convertible debentures
                                                                                             
          premium on principal of convertible debenture settled in cash
         -2,594,000 -1,238,000                                                                                   
          proceeds from debt issuance
         49,875,000                                                                                     
          cash paid for closing fees related to doe loan guarantee
         -252,000                                                                                     
          proceeds from finance obligations
            5,871,000    13,986,000 12,676,000 49,662,000 27,927,000 38,906,000 48,932,000 17,775,000 17,273,000 -53,338,075 21,288,000 21,498,000 10,661,000 17,691,000 19,890,000                                                                 
          decrease in cash and cash equivalents
         25,159,000    31,581,000    -468,609,000                       16,871,000    3,528,000                                                  
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 14.8 million as of september 30, 2025 and 8.3 million as of september 30, 2024, respectively
                                                                                              
          contributions of property, plant, and equipment from non-controlling interest
                                                                                             
          earnouts from acquisitions paid in common stock and warrants
                                                                                            
          purchases of long lived asset from financing agreement
                                                                                              
          amortization of premium of debt issuance costs on convertible debt instruments and long-term debt
                                                                                              
          (recovery)/loss on service contracts
          -22,869,000 -2,937,000 -2,481,000                                                                                  
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 8.9 million as of june 30, 2025 and 5.2 million as of june 30, 2024, respectively
                                                                                              
          net transfers between inventory and long-lived assets
          4,318,000 476,000 -250,000 3,062,000 3,341,000 16,008,000 3,000 20,000 264,000 441,000 297,000 406,000 427,000 489,000                                                                       
          amortization of (premium)/discount of debt issuance costs on convertible debt instruments and long-term debt
           -320,000                                                                                   
          deferred income tax expense
              -376,000 163,000 -7,913,000 -2,133,000   -529,000   -414,000                                                                       
          principal payment on convertible debenture
           -45,000,000                                                                                   
          cash paid for closing fees related to loan guarantee
           -12,817,000                                                                                   
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 5.0 million and 2.1 million, respectively
           6,692,000                                                                                   
          accrued debt extinguishment costs, cash to be paid in subsequent period
               1,245,000                                                                               
          loss on extinguishment of convertible senior notes and debt
                                                                                              
          amortization of (premium)/discount of debt issuance costs on convertible senior notes and long-term debt
            -1,095,000 -1,013,000                                                                                 
          fair value adjustment to contingent consideration
            -10,561,000 146,000 3,768,000 -9,200,000 3,708,000 2,239,000 15,308,000 8,769,000 19,073,000 -144,000 -2,461,000 8,771,176 -8,530,000 560,000 -790,000 -2,290,000                                                                  
          net realized loss on investments
                13,069,000 -264,000 1,000 80,000 468,000 847,000 -235,919                                                                      
          amortization of premium on available-for-sale securities
                -1,466,000 805,000 -4,000 -5,945,000 -5,393,000 1,823,000 2,270,000 2,290,000                                                                       
          change in fair value for equity securities
                -2,434,000 -70,000 -3,842,000 -5,075,000 -4,705,000 4,221,000 13,484,000 5,159,000 -290,738 607,000                                                                     
          change in fair value of convertible senior note
                                                                                              
          ​
                                                                                              
          proceeds from sales of long-lived assets
                                                                                              
          purchases of available-for-sale securities
                                                                -10,002,573 -20,009,065 -40,960,321 -4,998,396 -71,880,092 -20,422,378 -42,441,932 -69,587,814 -67,261,648 -36,716,088 -119,536,310 -183,324,987 -133,321,754                  
          proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities
                    6,113,000 469,563,000                                                                       
          proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities
                45,001,000 52,411,000 592,922,000 315,827,000 38,500,000 41,750,000 100,199,000 67,430,000                                                                       
          purchases of equity securities
                                                                                              
          proceeds from sales of equity securities
                67,987,000                                                                             
          net cash paid for acquisitions
                    -30,433,000 -26,473,000     173,000                                                                 
          proceeds from non-controlling interest
                                                                                              
          proceeds from convertible debentures
                                                                                              
          cash penalty from early settlement of convertible senior notes
                                                                                              
          principal payment on convertible debentures
                                                                                              
          increase in restricted cash
            -71,239,000 -50,292,000 -38,664,000 -38,900,000 -17,570,000 77,774,000 75,462,000 39,731,000 51,377,000 101,611,000 22,758,000 32,043,000                                                                       
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 8.3 million, 8.1 million and 13.1 million, respectively
                                                                                              
          net tangible assets (liabilities) acquired (assumed) in a business combination
                       56,929,000                                                                       
          common stock issued for acquisitions
                                                                                              
          contributions of property, plant, and equipment from consolidated vie
                                                                                              
          intangible assets acquired in a business combination
                    13,430,000 60,522,000                                                                       
          purchases of long-lived asset from financing agreement
                                                                                             
          lower of cost or net realizable value inventory adjustment and provision for excess and obsolete inventory
             14,409,000 13,684,000 39,675,000 59,853,000 22,129,000                                                                             
          loss on extinguishment of convertible senior notes
             14,047,000                                                                               
          (recoveries)/provision for losses on accounts receivable
             -145,000 134,000 -1,447,000                                                                               
          net realized gain on investments
                                                                                              
          other-than-temporary impairment of available-for-sale securities
                                                                                              
          accretion of premium on available-for-sale securities
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 8.3 million as of september 30, 2024 and 6.0 million as of september 30, 2023
                                                                                              
          loss on service contracts
              3,483,000 3,809,000          5,187,000                                                                     
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 5.2 million at june 30, 2024 and 4.0 million at june 30, 2023
                                                                                              
          amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior notes
               330,000 514,000 504,000 574,000 621,000 741,000 633,000 675,000 661,000 -2,367,982 645,000 634,000 1,092,000 4,878,000 5,655,000 3,812,000 2,716,000 2,564,000 1,917,000 1,871,000 2,469,000 1,911,000 1,998,000                                                         
          changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash:
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 2.1 million and 2.0 million
               9,111,000                                                                               
          loss on extinguishment of debt
                                                                                              
          impairment of goodwill
                                                                                              
          loss/(benefit) on service contracts
                20,740,000 35,037,000 635,000 221,000                                                                           
          loss on disposal of assets
                                                                                            
          purchase of intangible assets
                            -319,000                                                                  
          purchase of available-for-sale securities
                    -543,293,000 -152,099,000 -29,057,000 -114,173,000 1,859,791,628 -358,060,000 -1,099,723,000 -405,168,000                                                                   
          purchase of equity securities
                    -10,000 -4,990,000 169,543,207 -49,734,000                                                                     
          proceeds from exercise of warrants, net of transaction costs
                        -15,429,555 -5,000 5,000 15,445,000             -66,000                                                     
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 8.1 million, 13.1 million and 4.8 million
                                                                                              
          conversion of convertible senior notes to common stock
                         15,345,000                                                                   
          earnouts from acquisitions paid in stock
                                                                                            
          settlement of liability from acquisitions
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 6.0 million at september 30, 2023 and 9.8 million at september 30, 2022
                                                                                              
          net tangible liabilities assumed in a business combination
                                                                                             
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 4.0 million
                                                                                              
          impairment of long-lived assets
                   1,083,000 4,455,000    -1,318,776                                                                      
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 2.0 million
                   7,869,000                                                                           
          net tangible assets acquired in a business combination
                                                                                              
          provision for common stock warrants recorded as a reduction to revenue
                                                                                              
          (benefit)/loss on service contracts
                    13,339,000 -3,853,000                                                                         
          provision for bad debts and other assets
                                   307,000 880,000                                                          
          proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes
                            -2,000      -201,000 96,057,000                                                       
          repurchase of convertible senior notes
                                                                                            
          purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
                                                                                              
          proceeds from long-term debt
                            50,000,000    -50,000 14,785,000 84,761,000                                                           
          proceeds from the termination of capped calls
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 13.1 million, 4.8 million and 0
                                                                                              
          net tangible assets (liablities) acquired (assumed) in a business combination
                                                                                              
          conversion of preferred stock to common stock
                              441,000 26,509,000                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest of 9.8 million
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net capitalized interest of 5.8 million
                                                                                              
          benefit on service contracts
                       -7,297,000    -361,000                                                                   
          cash paid for interest, net capitalized interest of 4.3 million
                       5,731,000                                                                       
          net loss attributable to the company
                        266,591,035 -106,671,000 -99,634,000 -60,746,000  -39,379,000 -8,656,000 -37,479,000 -11,737,000 -21,229,000 -18,561,000 -33,938,000 -16,847,000 -15,565,000 -25,868,000 -19,835,000 -19,439,000 -40,983,000 -42,619,000 -24,039,000 -19,211,000 -13,394,000 -13,128,000 -11,754,000 -10,213,000 -9,225,179 -11,051,821 -9,351,034 3,876,957 -75,857,099 -28,877,167 -15,895,372                                       
          loss (benefit) on service contracts
                                                                                              
          loss on disposal of leased assets
                                                                                            
          change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
                                  -1,706,000 2,126,000 -978,000 -1,716,000 -334,000 -1,258,000 -1,266,000 1,878,000 12,296,000 2,280,000 365,000 -1,975,000 -1,456,000 -1,278,000    -485,471                                           
          deferred revenue
                        -42,259,346 26,482,000 14,581,000 1,267,000 4,267,000 14,264,000 2,974,000 -591,000 1,136,000 -2,325,000 -1,322,000 -2,505,000 555,000 981,000 4,373,000 -272,000 279,000 11,798,000 535,000 -1,322,000 6,719,000 -121,000 -670,000 -1,244,000    -2,070,538             -952,651 790,305 -622,479 -713,165 -877,475 1,305,067 -319,965 725,065 377,203 -823,540 534,199 -227,942 1,164,501 -468,800 -774,276 685,317 102,031 -260,025 -1,316,647 -484,652 -465,855 -733,067 -23,099 1,888,811 -442,350 634,104 242,625 -257,282 -1,313,299 508,420 
          proceeds from sales of equities
                                                                                              
          cash paid for non-consolidated entities and non marketable equity securities
                                                                                              
          proceeds from sale of leased assets
                                                                                            
          payments for redemption of preferred stock
                                       -3,700,000                                                   
          proceeds from termination of capped calls
                                                                                            
          repayments of finance obligations and finance leases
                        20,373,370 -3,132,000                                                                     
          increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
                        -2,217,410,090 263,629,000 -1,103,565,000 3,058,844,000 902,912,000    171,183,000 62,990,000 26,096,000 -922,000    20,914,000                                                       
          cash paid for interest, net capitalized interest of 4.8 million, 0 and 0
                                                                                              
          common stock issued for acqusitions
                                                                                              
          gain on extinguishment of debt
                                                                                             
          income tax benefit
                             -6,523,000       -1,636,000 -1,716,000 -2,912,000 -2,953,000                                                       
          prepaid expenses, and other assets
                         -5,498,000 -18,326,000 -4,641,000  6,861,000 -1,023,000 -10,794,000    1,018,000                                                           
          proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities
                         845,561,000                                                                     
          net cash paid for acquisition
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest, net capitalized interest of 2.6 million
                                                                                              
          cash paid for interest
                          8,653,000 2,608,000 11,967,000 7,509,000 4,311,000 5,155,000 4,139,000 6,368,000 3,815,000 4,858,000 2,719,000 5,423,000 2,361,000 2,554,000 6,434,000 411,000 44,000 1,902,000 6,700,000 252,000 1,079,000 232,000 127,000 85,406 90,594                                            
          change in accounts payable related to accrued purchases of property, plant and equipment
                                                                                              
          proceeds from borrowing of long-term debt
                                                                                              
          repayments of finance obligations
                           -9,806,000 -8,578,000 -6,851,000 -6,053,000 -5,730,000 -2,252,000 -3,391,000 -2,536,000 -53,534,000 -6,126,000 -7,378,000                                                         
          net income attributable to the company
                                                                                              
          adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
                                                                                              
          (gain) loss on extinguishment of debt
                                                                                              
          benefit from bad debts and other assets
                                                                                              
          benefit from common stock warrants
                                                                                              
          purchases of equipment related to ppa and equipment related to fuel delivered to customers
                                                                                              
          proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants, net of transaction costs
                                                                                              
          proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
                            927,316,000 344,667,000   120,330,000 9,833,000 4,767,000 23,498,000 2,283,000    2,328,000 1,130,000                                                     
          proceeds from borrowing of long-term debt, net of transaction costs
                                        19,526,000   23,993,000 -468,000                                                 
          summary of non-cash investing and financing activity
                                                                                              
          recognition of right of use assets
                                                                                              
          conversion of convertible notes to common stock
                            19,680,000                                                                  
          depreciation of property, plant and equipment, and leased property
                             3,598,000 2,933,000 2,850,000 3,045,000 3,448,000 2,720,000 2,776,000 2,422,000 2,797,000 3,015,000 2,780,000 2,594,000 2,413,000 2,181,000 2,002,000 1,738,000 1,384,000 957,000 571,000                                               
          provision for loss contracts related to service
                                                                                            
          purchases for construction of leased property
                             -7,443,000 -2,408,000 -3,848,000 -3,681,000 -864,000 -1,181,000 -806,000 -120,000 -243,000 -9,861,000 -3,277,000 -13,802,000 -6,983,000 -10,152,000 -9,336,000 -12,658,000 -16,357,000                                                 
          proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of transaction costs
                                                                                              
          purchase of capped calls
                                                                                             
          recognition of right of use asset
                             29,455,000 20,733,000 6,189,000 48,744,000 44,096,000   20,480,000                                                          
          decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
                              76,039,000 -62,286,000      6,630,000                                                         
          increase in finance obligations
                               9,024,000  31,640,000      1,241,000 12,072,000 15,372,000 -2,938,000 2,230,000 -1,208,000 5,447,000                                                 
          accrual for loss contracts related to service
                                        -752,000 -2,482,000 -2,186,000 -1,811,000 -1,748,000                                               
          purchase of intangible asset
                                    -50,000                                                         
          purchase of capped call and common stock forward
                                    -43,500,000                                                       
          proceeds from sale/leaseback transactions accounted for as finance obligations
                                    43,237,000                                                          
          net transfers between inventory, leased assets and property, plant and equipment
                                    969,000                                                          
          provision for bad debts and other
                                 346,000                                                             
          purchases of intangible assets
                                                                                             
          proceeds from sale/leaseback transactions accounted for as finance leases
                                                                                              
          increase in property, plant and equipment financed as long-term debt or financing leases
                                                                                              
          loss on disposal of leased property
                                                                                             
          proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrant, net of transaction costs
                                                                                              
          purchase of treasury stock
                                                                -3,053 -438,453 -31,610 -502,808 -130,075 -138,903 -303,826 -45,838                      
          proceeds from short-term borrowing, net of transaction costs
                                            -201,000 23,874,000                                               
          principal payments on short-term borrowing
                                                                                            
          issuance of common stock for acquisitions
                                                                                              
          cash flows from operating activities:
                                                                                              
          cash flows from investing activities:
                                                                                              
          cash flows from financing activities:
                                                                                              
          other supplemental cash flow information:
                                                                                              
          summary of non-cash investing and financing activity:
                                                                                              
          proceeds from sale/leaseback transactions accounted for as capital leases
                                                                                              
          noncash financing activity-conversion of preferred stock to common stock
                                                                                              
          amortization of debt issuance costs
                                       379,000  200,000 149,000 147,000  162,000                                                 
          cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of year
                                       68,055,000                                                       
          cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of year
                                       88,969,000                                                       
          loss on acquisition activity
                                                                                              
          amortization and accelerated recognition of debt issuance costs
                                                                                              
          net cash acquired in purchase acquisitions
                                                                                              
          change in restricted cash
                                        5,343,000 3,462,000 1,856,000 734,000 -8,695,000 1,968,000 -29,000 -31,000                                               
          proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of transaction costs
                                                                                              
          cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
                                                                                              
          cash and cash equivalents, end of year
                                                                                              
          summary of noncash investing and financing activities:
                                                                                              
          conversions of preferred stock to common stock
                                                                                              
          cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
                                         46,014,000 63,961,000 -71 146,205,071             14,580,983 80,844,500 12,076,938 26,899,866 21,877,726 18,976,767 88,685,255 27,257,641 
          cash and cash equivalents, end of period
                                         5,867,000 -9,675,000 11,765,000 3,528,000 -23,554,000 -842,000 66,882,000 -24,130,000 -22,398,210 131,537,210 -12,147,120             -4,479,870 8,269,184 -854,935 8,993,660 15,997,671 61,276,522 -5,075,494 -27,111,845 51,755,317 -6,094,426 -10,036,023 -44,747,001 72,954,388 -16,143,878 -92,077,439 116,514,129 18,607,054 -29,875,655 34,314,047 -8,580,193 26,019,527 -18,347,931 -3,298,676 -19,172,421 59,795,795 43,830,482 -4,444,656 -4,704,890 54,004,319 -12,984,056 
          summary of noncash financing activity-conversions of preferred stock to common stock:
                                                                                              
          summary of noncash financing activity-conversion of preferred stock to common stock:
                                                                                              
          proceeds from exercise of warrants
                                            2,000 109,000    23,250                                           
          proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment and leased property
                                                                                              
          proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants
                                                                                              
          preferred stock issuance costs
                                                                                              
          proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants
                                                                                             
          common stock issuance costs
                                                                                              
          noncash investing activity-issuance of common stock for acquisitions
                                                                                              
          loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and leased property
                                                                                              
          note receivable
                                              17,000 16,000 16,000 16,081 15,919 15,691                                           
          accounts payable, accrued expenses, product warranty reserve and other liabilities
                                              4,154,000 2,423,000    1,843,302                                           
          purchases for construction of leased assets
                                               -11,747,000                                               
          principal payments on finance obligations
                                               -556,000                                               
          principal payments on obligations under capital lease
                                                                                              
          depreciation of property, plant and equipment, and investment in leased property
                                                512,000 493,806 475,194 499,557                                           
          gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
                                                                                              
          changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash, net of effects of acquisitions:
                                                                                              
          cash acquired in purchase acquisitions
                                                                                              
          proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
                                                   4,492                  -2,590 2,004                       
          stock issuance costs
                                                                             83,858 -120,678   -37,784             
          proceeds from lease agreements recognized as finance obligations
                                                                                              
          net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
                                                                                              
          (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
                                                                                              
          noncash investing activity - issuance of common stock for acquisition of hypulsion
                                                                                              
          gain on bargain purchase
                                                                                              
          changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash, net of effects of acquisition:
                                                                                              
          purchase of relion, net of cash acquired
                                                                                             
          principal payments on obligations under capital lease and finance obligation
                                                                                              
          adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                                                                                              
          gain on sale of equity interest in joint venture
                                                                                              
          prepaid expenses and other current assets
                                                                1,158,515 663,666 68,944 86,630 731,062 -1,309,051 119,695 440,697 1,005,107 787,974 953,068 -136,080 -381,206 -769,012 -719,287 72,030 229,578 59,025 -350,645 -165,878 126,805 484,283 -78,423 -153,620 -280,007 -475,248 808,756 -2,764,799 1,809,590 -1,369,894 
          proceeds from sale of equity interest in joint venture
                                                                                              
          purchase of property, plant and equipment
                                                                -828,996 -385,996 -22,002 -9,513 -14,809 -176,836 -133,262 -538,390 -570,153 -827,135 -939,022 -635,831 -542,417 -160,000 -594,066 -188,267 -332,461 630,577 -689,268 -364,606 -576,285 -445,030 -463,664 -308,992 -398,839 -337,794 -152,190 -88,229 -49,135 238,374 
          restricted cash
                                                                -16 -56 -501,632 13,249 -1,776,965                          
          proceeds from issuance of preferred stock
                                                                                              
          repayment of borrowings under line of credit
                                                                                              
          proceeds from finance obligation
                                                                                              
          changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash, net of effects of acquisition:
                                                                                              
          net cash used in operating activities
                                                                                              
          net cash provided by financing activities
                                                                                              
          increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
                                                                    -64,846,829                          
          loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
                                                                     -2,426                       
          provision for bad debts
                                                                -82,400 92,560 11,903 70,497                          
          realized loss on available for sale securities
                                                                                              
          net unrealized gains on trading securities
                                                                -2,469,113 -665,919                             
          change in fair value of auction rate debt securities repurchase agreement
                                                                2,469,113 665,919 570,106 513,761 3,049,994                          
          change in fair value of warrant liability
                                                                                              
          changes in assets and liabilities:
                                                                                              
          accounts payable and accrued expenses
                                                                5,272,939 -1,221,865 228,272 -556,416 -6,302,853 1,652,940 -22,773      -29,835 473,330 -109,750 -451,790 -1,310,949 1,126,092 770,192 298,334 -484,974 141,733 505,181 -2,238,654 911,243 -10,479 -21,626 1,215,339 -1,398,378 764,056 
          investment in leased property
                                                                -283,561 -2,461,526                          
          proceeds from trading securities
                                                                25,675,000 8,250,001                             
          proceeds from maturities and sales of available-for-sale securities
                                                                19,976,357 25,927,949 48,782,026 22,839,489 22,942,507 35,787,512 48,294,831 59,693,389 122,998,448 45,171,119 120,252,085 199,031,301 192,186,063                  
          depreciation of property, plant and equipment and investment in leased property
                                                                                              
          loss on sale of leased assets
                                                                                              
          goodwill impairment charge
                                                                                              
          impairment loss on available-for-sale securities
                                                                     4,942,229 789,117 1,698,354 2,794,646                      
          gain on repayable government assistance
                                                                                              
          proceeds from stock option exercises and employee stock purchase plan
                                                                  38,022 38,471 37,719 54,692                        
          (repayment) proceeds of borrowings under line of credit
                                                                                              
          proceeds from long term debt
                                                                  1,652,445                          
          repayment of government assistance
                                                                                              
          depreciation and amortization
                                                                790,474 822,470 890,165 960,210 932,790 1,083,377 1,148,044 1,105,639 1,061,087 1,029,984 1,038,144 978,135 800,761 808,513 811,088 795,500 804,689 776,472 832,687 903,168 846,611 1,082,034 1,062,597 1,051,180 1,010,767 980,343 976,875 1,035,831 1,099,001 1,143,462 
          equity in losses of affiliates
                                                                                 4,438,355 448,274 448,274 450,455 453,050 451,142 433,523 465,818 457,943 476,840 479,887 485,201 465,187 
          noncash prepaid development costs
                                                                                     350,000 358,481 327,795 336,941 407,287 364,761 429,240 
          in-kind services
                                                                                              
          amortization of deferred grant revenue
                                                                                     -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 -50,000 
          amortization and write-off of deferred rent
                                                                                              
          in-process research and development
                                                                                         3,000,000  
          changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
                                                                                              
          cash paid for acquisitions
                                                                         -504,634                    
          investment in affiliate
                                                                                              
          proceeds from issuance of common and preferred stock
                                                                                            
          proceeds from initial public offering
                                                                                              
          repayment of loans due to general hydrogen shareholders
                                                                                            
          (repayment) proceeds from borrowings under line of credit
                                                                 -8,250,000                             
          amortization of intangible asset
                                                                  544,114 525,154 506,198 514,351 562,668           687,500 687,500 687,500 687,500 687,500 687,500 687,500 687,500 514,847 772,292 
          proceeds from borrowings under line of credit
                                                                                              
          principal payments on long-term debt and borrowings under line of credit
                                                                  54,494                            
          net unrealized losses on trading securities
                                                                   -513,761 -3,049,994                          
          gain on termination of repayable government assistance
                                                                                              
          principle payments on loan
                                                                                              
          cash released from escrow
                                                                                              
          principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations
                                                                             -3,906,641 -47,269 -47,269 -47,268 -433,762 -17,253 -16,828 -16,414 -363,575 -18,959 -11,889 -20,803 -344,341 -44,449 -1,274 -1,245  
          (gain) loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
                                                                                              
          goodwill impairment charge
                                                                                              
          gain on auction rate debt securities repurchase agreement
                                                                                              
          gain on settlement of repayable government assistance
                                                                                              
          government assistance receivable
                                                                      -607 20,288 37,468 -73,642 648,758                    
          repayable government assistance
                                                                                              
          government assistance payable
                                                                       108,982 79,699                      
          accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities
                                                                        -1,311,469                      
          proceeds from stock options and employee stock purchase plan
                                                                        128,162                      
          stock-based compensation expense
                                                                                              
          allowance for bad debts
                                                                                              
          interest on repayable government assistance
                                                                          110,846                    
          changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquired companies:
                                                                                              
          accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
                                                                          1,407,532                    
          increase in notes receivable
                                                                            -1,500,000                  
          proceeds from public offerings
                                                                                              
          government assistance
                                                                                              
          proceeds from shares issued for stock option exercises and employee stock purchase plan
                                                                          41,337    7,726 209,678 3,591  130,023 357,370 198,626  2,900 250,959 441,988  5,219 196,134 13,965  
          proceeds from acquisition
                                                                                         36,521,491  
          changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition in 2003:
                                                                                              
          integration costs and expenses associated with acquisition
                                                                                         -7,055,750  
          proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities
                                                                              444,440,244                
          purchases of marketable securities
                                                                              -524,524,744 -264,119,556 -45,743,215 -104,193,498 -95,253,054 -1,461,346 -4,030,829          
          cash placed in escrow
                                                                                              
          stock based compensation
                                                                                1,518,089  658,516 845,489 959,613  1,007,044 1,000,205 1,264,911  1,170,222 372,342 247,126  
          proceeds from maturities of marketable securities
                                                                                53,916,313              
          proceeds from issuance of common stock
                                                                                             
          proceeds from sale of marketable securities
                                                                                 83,371,710 70,228,774 2,114,661 21,635,881          
          changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition:
                                                                                              
          marketable securities
                                                                                      4,463,585 -9,198,431 -20,266,330 -612,986 4,060,880 6,022,797 5,800,837 -2,822,243 
          prepaid development costs
                                                                                              
          proceeds from secondary public offering
                                                                                              
          cash from investing activities
                                                                                           5,934,568 35,217,443  
          amortization of deferred rent
                                                                                              
          write-off of deferred rent
                                                                                              
          due from investor
                                                                                              
          due to investor
                                                                                              
          cash released from (placed in) escrow
                                                                                              
          proceeds from stock option exercises
                                                                                              
          principal payments on capital lease obligations